Table 2.
Disease related characteristics, motor and non-motor symptoms, autonomy for activities of daily living and quality of life in PD patients with and without acute hospitalization during the year after the baseline visit (n = 605)
| All sample | Without acute hospitalization | With acute hospitalization | p | |
| (N = 605) | (N = 570) | (N = 35) | ||
| Age | 62.5±8.9 | 62.5±8.9 | 63.5±7.9 | 0.646 |
| Males (%) | 59.8 | 71.4 | 59.3 | 0.106 |
| Disease duration (years) | 5.5±4.4 | 5.5±4.3 | 5.8±4.4 | 0.656 |
| Number of non anti parkinsonian drugs | 2.6±2.4 | 2.6±2.4 | 2.6±2.5 | 0.980 |
| L-dopa eq. daily dose (mg) | 563.9±420.5 | 555.8±416.6 | 703.7±468.4 | 0.063 |
| Motor phenotype (%) | 0.621 | |||
| - Tremoricdominant | 47.3 | 48.4 | 40 | |
| - PIGD | 38.8 | 37.8 | 45.7 | |
| - Indeterminate | 13.9 | 13.8 | 14.3 | |
| Hoehn&Yahr | 2 [2, 2] | 2 [2, 2] | 2 [2, 2] | 0.720 |
| - Stage from 3 to 5(%) | 10.3 | 9.9 | 13.3 | 0.373 |
| UPDRS-III | 21.6±10.4 | 20.7±9.9 | 27.8±11.8 | 0.001 |
| UPDRS-IV | 2±2.4 | 1.8±3.3 | 3.3±3 | 0.001 |
| - Motor fluctuations (%) | 32.7 | 29.3 | 57.1 | 0.001 |
| - Dyskinesia (%) | 18.1 | 15.6 | 36.4 | 0.006 |
| FOG-Q | 3.5±4.6 | 3.4±4.5 | 4.7±4.7 | 0.006 |
| - Patients with FOG (%) | 33.8 | 32.5 | 42.9 | 0.154 |
| - Patients with falls (%) | 17.5 | 15.5 | 31.4 | 0.020 |
| PD-CRS | 91.6±15.3 | 92.2±15.3 | 86.8±13.9 | 0.049 |
| - Cognitive impairment (PD-CRS≤84) (%) | 28 | 26.6 | 38.2 | 0.114 |
| NMSS | 44.8±36.7 | 41.9±35 | 66.1±42.8 | < 0.0001 |
| - Severe and/or NMS burden (NMSS > 40) (%) | 40.7 | 37 | 67.6 | 0.001 |
| - Very severe NMS burden (NMSS > 70) (%) | 21.1 | 18.3 | 41.2 | 0.004 |
| - Dysphagia | 21.1 | 17.5 | 47.1 | < 0.0001 |
| BDI-II | 8.9±7.7 | 8.4±7.5 | 12.1±8.5 | 0.007 |
| - Major depression (%) | 17.1 | 15.4 | 28.6 | 0.051 |
| NPI | 6.7±8.4 | 6.2±8.1 | 10.1±9.4 | 0.005 |
| QUIP-RS | 4.3±8.1 | 3.4±7.1 | 4.5±8 | 0.227 |
| PDSS | 118.1±23.9 | 119.2±23.7 | 110.9±24.3 | 0.014 |
| VAS-PAIN | 2.8±3 | 2.8±3.1 | 3.4±2.4 | 0.133 |
| - Patients with pain (%) | 61.2 | 58.9 | 77.1 | 0.027 |
| VASF –physical | 2.9±2.8 | 2.9±2.8 | 3.3±2.8 | 0.342 |
| VASF –mental | 2.1±2.6 | 2.1±2.5 | 2.3±2.9 | 0.668 |
| ADLS | 87.5±10.9 | 87.9±10.7 | 84.3±11.4 | 0.048 |
| - Patients with functional dependency (%) | 12.1 | 11.4 | 17.1 | 0.233 |
| PDQ-39SI | 17.2±14.1 | 15.9±13.3 | 26.6±16 | < 0.0001 |
| PQ-10 | 7.2±1.6 | 7.3±1.6 | 6.8±1.7 | 0.119 |
| EUROHIS-QOL8 | 3.8±0.5 | 3.8±0.5 | 3.6±0.6 | 0.038 |
The results represent percentages, mean±SD or median [p25, p75].Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test were applied for comparisons between Non acute hospitalization (N = 570) and Acute unplanned hospitalization (N = 35) patients. Data about H&Y and UPDRS-III are during the OFF state (first thing in the morning without taking medication in the previous 12 hours). ADLS, Schwab and England Activities of daily living Scale); BDI, Beck Depression Inventory-II; NMSS, Non-Motor Symptoms Scale; NPI, Neuropsychiatric Inventory; PD, Parkinson’s disease; PD-CRS, Parkinson’s Disease Cognitive Rating Scale; PDSS, Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale; PIGD, Postural Inestability Gait Difficulty; QUIP-RS, Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease-Rating Scale; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; VAFS, Visual Analog Fatigue Scale; VAS-Pain, Visual Analog Scale-Pain.