Table 1. Baseline patient characteristics.
| Total (n=246) | BAV patients (n=109) | TAV patients (n=137) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 77 (72-81) | 75 (71-80) | 77 (73-81) | 0.041 |
| Male | 150 (61.0%) | 62 (56.9%) | 88 (64.2%) | 0.240 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.64±3.57 | 22.47±3.19 | 22.78±3.84 | 0.499 |
| STS score, % | 5.56 (3.74-9.54) | 5.09 (3.65-8.62) | 6.00 (4.26-10.68) | 0.026 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 53 (21.5%) | 21 (19.3%) | 32 (23.4%) | 0.438 |
| History of hypertension | 141 (57.3%) | 56 (51.4%) | 85 (62.0%) | 0.093 |
| Smoker | 29 (11.8%) | 9 (8.3%) | 20 (14.6%) | 0.125 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 68 (27.6%) | 26 (23.9%) | 42 (30.7%) | 0.236 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 65 (26.4%) | 25 (22.9%) | 40 (29.2%) | 0.269 |
| Previous stroke | 14 (5.7%) | 2 (1.8%) | 12 (8.8%) | 0.020 |
| Previous MI | 6 (2.4%) | 1 (0.9%) | 5 (3.6%) | 0.231 |
| Previous PCI | 33 (13.4%) | 14 (12.8%) | 19 (13.9%) | 0.815 |
| Previous CABG | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.7%) | 1.000 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 48 (19.5%) | 22 (20.2%) | 26 (19.0%) | 0.813 |
| Previous PPMI | 6 (2.4%) | 3 (2.8%) | 3 (2.2%) | 1.000 |
| COPD | 51 (20.7%) | 21 (19.3%) | 30 (21.9%) | 0.613 |
| History of cancer | 10 (4.1%) | 2 (1.8%) | 8 (5.8%) | 0.209 |
| NYHA Class III or IV | 217 (88.2%) | 96 (88.1%) | 121 (88.3%) | 0.952 |
| Dialysis | 5 (2.0%) | 1 (0.9%) | 4 (2.9%) | 0.386 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LVEF, % | 55.2 (43.1-63.7) | 56.0 (40.6-64.3) | 55.0 (44.4-62.1) | 0.850 |
| LVEF <55% | 150 (61.0%) | 52 (47.7%) | 66 (48.2%) | 0.700 |
| Max velocity, m/s | 4.81±0.72 | 4.89±0.74 | 4.74±0.69 | 0.100 |
| Mean gradient, mmHg | 55.7±16.6 | 58.2±18.2 | 53.6±15.0 | 0.034 |
| Aortic valve area, cm2 | 0.59±0.18 | 0.53±0.16 | 0.63±0.18 | <0.001 |
| Moderate/severe mitral regurgitation | 62 (25.2%) | 24 (22.0%) | 38 (27.7%) | 0.305 |
| Moderate/severe tricuspid regurgitation | 42 (17.1%) | 18 (16.5%) | 24 (17.5%) | 0.835 |
| LV mass, g | 251.9 (212.1-306.5) | 238.2 (204.0-287.5) | 266.6 (221.6-326.2) | 0.003 |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 152.2 (128.8-188.9) | 146.3 (122.5-181.9) | 158.8 (135.8-192.6) | 0.011 |
| Data are presented as n (%) or mean±SD or median (interquartile range, IQR). p-values in bold are statistically significant. BAV: bicuspid aortic valve; BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LM: left main; LV: left ventricular; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; MI: myocardial infarction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; PPMI: permanent pacemaker implantation; RCA: right coronary artery; STJ: sinotubular junction; STS: Society of Thoracic Surgeons; TAV: tricuspid aortic valve | ||||