TABLE 2.
Comparison of baseline characteristics between the non‐CVD and CVD groups according to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels
| NFPG | HFPG | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non‐CVD (n = 146) | CVD (n = 17) | p‐value | Non‐CVD (n = 136) | CVD (n = 19) | p‐value | |||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
| Female (n, %) | 85 | 58 | 7 | 41 | 0.18 | 83 | 61 | 9 | 47 | 0.26 |
| Age (y) | 49 | 14 | 57 | 10 | 0.005 | 54 | 14 | 59 | 14 | 0.14 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.6 | 6.0 | 31.6 | 5.9 | 0.99 | 30.8 | 4.9 | 30.5 | 6.2 | 0.79 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 141 | 18 | 136 | 18 | 0.35 | 142 | 18 | 148 | 24 | 0.25 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 84 | 12 | 82 | 12 | 0.52 | 84 | 12 | 83 | 11 | 0.76 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.2 | 0.6 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 0.84 | 8.9 | 3.3 | 9.3 | 4.0 | 0.60 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 43.2 | 10.4 | 43.9 | 11.1 | 0.78 | 61.6 | 17.2 | 60.3 | 16.3 | 0.76 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.1 | 1.0 | 6.2 | 1.0 | 0.78 | 7.8 | 1.6 | 7.7 | 1.5 | 0.76 |
| IRI (pmol/L) | 129 | 151 | 124 | 126 | 0.48 | 140 | 138 | 241 | 359 | 0.24 |
| GGT (μkat/L) | 0.76 | 0.66 | 0.76 | 0.56 | 0.99 | 0.83 | 0.69 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.70 |
| AST (μkat/L) | 0.45 | 0.21 | 0.43 | 0.13 | 0.64 | 0.47 | 0.26 | 0.41 | 0.19 | 0.37 |
| ALT (μkat/L) | 0.62 | 0.46 | 0.54 | 0.26 | 0.45 | 0.59 | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.41 | 0.68 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.6 | 1.0 | 5.5 | 0.7 | 0.62 | 5.3 | 0.9 | 5.1 | 1.2 | 0.44 |
| HDL‐C (mmol/L) | 1.5 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.42 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.14 |
| LDL‐C (mmol/L) | 3.4 | 0.9 | 3.4 | 0.8 | 0.89 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 0.68 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 2.0 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 0.72 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 0.82 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 1.63 | 3.16 | 1.96 | 2.81 | 0.68 | 1.78 | 2.33 | 5.57 | 18.34 | 0.38 |
| eGFRcr (mL min−1 [1.73 m]−2) | 85 | 25 | 79 | 22 | 0.36 | 82 | 23 | 69 | 26 | 0.022 |
| eGFRcys (mL min−1 [1.73 m]−2) | 106 | 27 | 97 | 32 | 0.22 | 103 | 27 | 79 | 26 | <0.001 |
| Smoking status (n, %) | 0.027 | 0.44 | ||||||||
| Ex‐smoker | 18 | 12 | 5 | 29 | 11 | 8 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Current smoker | 22 | 15 | 5 | 29 | 25 | 18 | 4 | 21 | ||
| Antidiabetic agents (n, %) | 23 | 16 | 2 | 12 | 0.67 | 81 | 60 | 12 | 63 | 0.76 |
| Lipid‐lowering agents (n, %) | 67 | 46 | 13 | 76 | 0.017 | 64 | 47 | 12 | 63 | 0.19 |
| Antihypertensive agents (n, %) | 60 | 41 | 11 | 65 | 0.063 | 73 | 54 | 14 | 74 | 0.10 |
| Antiobesity agents (n, %) | 10 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 0.88 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0.40 |
Note: p‐values were obtained using Student's t‐test for continuous variables and the chi‐squared test for categorical variables. p‐values <0.05 are in bold.
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFRcr, estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated using serum creatinine; eGFRcys, estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated using serum cystatin C; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GGT, gamma‐glutamyl transferase; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol; HFPG, high fasting plasma glucose; hsCRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; IRI, immunoreactive insulin; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; TC, total cholesterol.