Figure 2.

Principal component analysis (PCA) of serum soluble factor levels and T cell phenotypic markers to identify immune factors that are predictive of malignancy. Pre-treatment blood was withdrawn from 66 patients: 33 patients with ovarian cancer, 12 benign ovarian mass and 21 with normal ovaries. A total of 28 serum soluble factors were measured using multiplex bead immunoassay and 16 phenotypic markers (surface and intracellular) on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector T cells (Teff) were identified and quantified by flow cytometry. Demographic data, serum CA125, HE4 and blood components were included in the analysis. (A) Data reduction was conducted using principle component analysis. The clusters of immune markers with reliable predictive accuracy (values of diagnostic parameters above 0.5) were labelled as components 1 (black dots). (B) Component scores were applied to individuals in the study according to their disease categories.