Table 1.
Summary of studies aimed at assessing the effect of soybean replacement on growth performance and carcass traits.
| Item | SB Replacement (%) | BW | ADG | ADFI | FCR | Dressing Percentage | Meatiness | Carcass Measurements | Backfat Thickness | Breed | Country | Initial–Final Weight | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moringa oleifera | 50; 100 | X | X | X | X | X | X | Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace | Cuba | 20–65 | Rivero et al. [89] | ||
| Rapeseed meal | 38; 62 | X | X | X | X | Pietrain × (Landrace × Large White) | Spain | Torres-Pitarch [87] | |||||
| Legumes | - | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Large White × Duroc |
Congo | 25–75 | Kambashi [47] |
| Vetch, stylo | 34; 60 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Moo Lath | Lao | 14–50 | Phengsavanh and Lindberg [56] |
| Pea, fava | 100 | X | X | X | X | Pietrain × (Large White × Landrace) | France | 40–110 | De Quelen [84] | ||||
| Pea | 100 | X | X | X | X | X | X | Duroc | Spain | 22–120 | Izquierdo et al. [85] | ||
| Tenebrio molitor | 50–100 | X | X | X | X | — | Germany | Piétrain × (German Landrace × German Edelschwein) | Meyer et al. [96] | ||||
| Hermetia illucens | Different percentages | X | X | X | X | commercial piglets | Italy | 5–33 | Biasato et al. [76] | ||||
| Insect meal | review | Australia | DiGiacomo [95] | ||||||||||
| Fat rice bran and defatted rice bran | Different percentages | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | USA | 28–120 | Casas et al. [94] | ||
| Spirulina | X | X | X | X | Landrace × Yorkshire | Lithuania | 30–100 | Šimkus et al. [90] | |||||
| Pea, fava bean | 25; 50; 75 | X | X | X | X | X | Large White × Landrace | England | 45–100 kg | Smith et al. [41] | |||
| Defatted, rice bran | Different percentages | X | X | X | X | Duroc × Landrace Yorkshire | China | 25–100 | Huang et al. [93] | ||||
| Jatropha curcas | 15; 30; 45; 60; 75 | X | X | X | X | Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire | China | 20–75 kg | Li et al. [57] | ||||
| Guar | 25; 50; 75; 100 | X | X | X | X | Yorkshire × Landrace | USA | 30–65 kg | Hasan et al. [55] | ||||
| Pea, fava bean | 100 | X | X | X | X | X | X | Cinta Senese | Italy | 45–135 kg | Sirtori et al. [32] | ||
| Fava bean cv albus or amulet | 28 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Puławska | Poland | 31–117 kg | Milczarek et al. [31] |
| Fava bean, rapeseed, lupin | 50 to 100 | X | X | X | X | Hybrid Danbred | Poland | 26–104 kg | Sobotka et al. [34] | ||||
| Pea, fava, lupin | pea 15–28; fava 20–25; lupin 12–15 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Yorkshire × Landrace | Latvia | 30–100 kg | Degola and Jonkus [29] |
| Fava + pea | 100 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | F2-piglets | Switzerland | 106 kg | Quander-Stoll et al. [78] |
| Pea or fava | 100 | X | X | X | X | commercial white hybrid | England | 30–95 kg | White et al. [36] | ||||
| Pea seed, rapeseed meal | Stage 1: RSM + P 2.5 + 5.0; 2.5 + 10; 2.5 + 15; 7.8 + 17.5; Stage 2: RSM + P 2.5 + 5.0; 2.5 + 10; 2.2 + 15; 6.0 + 17.5; |
X | X | X | X | Danish porkers | Poland | 27–125 kg | Sońta et al. [79] | ||||
| Sainfoin | 5, 10, 15 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Large White | Switzerland | 25–105 kg | Seoni et al. [88] | |
| Taro leaf | 25–50 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Landrace × Yorkshire |
Lao | 11–45 | Kaensombath and Lindberg [48] |
| Rapeseed meal | 100 | X | X | X | (Large white × Landrace) × Duroc | Greece | - | Skoufos et al. [86] | |||||
| Rapeseed cake + (field bean/pea/blue lupin/yellow lupin) | 43 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Polish Landrace × (Duroc × Pietrain) | Poland | 30–114 kg | Hanczakowska and Świątkiewicz [82] |
| Low-tannin pea cv. Albatros, rapeseed meal/high-tannin Fava bean + rapeseed meal | 100 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace) × Duroc | Poland | 65–105 kg | Fiedorowicz-Szatkowska et al. [80] |
| Rapeseed, pea, yellow lupin | 100 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | commercial hybrid | Poland | 30–120 kg | Zmudzińska et al. [18] | |
| Chlorella vulgaris | 20 | X | X | X | X | (Large White × Landrace) × Pietrain | Portugal | 11–23 kg | Martins et al. [91] | ||||
| Spirulina, hermetia illucens | 50 | X | X | (Landrace × Large White) × Pietrain | Germany | 22–110 kg | Altmann et al. [7] | ||||||
| Hermetia illucens | 18, 36 | X | X | X | X | X | X | Duroc × Landrace × Large White | China | 76–115 kg | Yu et al. [77] | ||
| Fish meal sileage | 10, 22, 34 | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | - | Brazil | 26–100 kg | Candido et al. [69] |