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. 2023 Feb 1;12(3):474. doi: 10.3390/cells12030474

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Comparison between gene expression analysis of sex (female)-specific genes CYP2C12 (Panels (A,B) and CYP2C6 (Panels (C,D) by real-time PCR in male and female rat livers. Male rats, panels (A,C), subcutaneously treated with different doses of estradiol valerate plus cyproterone acetate five times a week, for 2 weeks: C 0—sesame oil, D1M 0.09 + 0.33, D2M 0.09 + 0.93, and D3M 0.18 + 0.33 mg. Female rats, panels (B,D), subcutaneously treated with different doses of testosterone enanthate two times a week, for 2 weeks: CF: 0—sesame oil, D1F 0.45, D2F 0.95, and D3F 2.05 mg. Data are presented as mean ∆∆Ct values ± standard deviation, with control samples as calibrators and GAPDH as the reference gene. Statistical significance: * p < 0.05 Mann–Whitney test.