Table 3.
Characteristics of participants according to three classes of problematic internet use.
| Questionnaire Short Form | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Risk of Problematic Internet Use | Total | p-Value | ||||||
| Class 1 (Low Risk) |
Class 2 (Moderate Risk) |
Class 3 (High Risk) |
|||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Total | 542 | 36.7 | 594 | 40.2 | 341 | 23.1 | 1477 | 100.0 | |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 231 | 42.6 | 206 | 34.7 | 116 | 34.0 | 553 | 37.4 | 0.007 |
| Female | 311 | 57.4 | 388 | 65.3 | 225 | 66.0 | 924 | 62.6 | |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Single | 432 | 79.7 | 512 | 86.2 | 264 | 77.4 | 1208 | 81.8 | <0.01 |
| Having partner/being married | 110 | 20.3 | 82 | 13.8 | 77 | 22.6 | 269 | 18.2 | |
| Living arrangement | |||||||||
| Family | 453 | 83.6 | 469 | 79.0 | 274 | 80.4 | 1196 | 81.0 | <0.01 |
| Friends | 68 | 12.5 | 71 | 12.0 | 24 | 7.0 | 163 | 11.0 | |
| Alone | 21 | 3.9 | 54 | 9.1 | 43 | 12.6 | 118 | 8.0 | |
| Location | |||||||||
| Urban | 332 | 61.3 | 335 | 56.4 | 255 | 74.8 | 922 | 62.4 | <0.01 |
| Rural/mountain areas | 210 | 38.7 | 259 | 43.6 | 86 | 25.2 | 555 | 37.6 | |
| Province | |||||||||
| Tuyen Quang | 96 | 17.7 | 117 | 19.7 | 79 | 23.2 | 292 | 19.8 | <0.01 |
| Ha Noi | 68 | 12.5 | 98 | 16.5 | 106 | 31.1 | 272 | 18.5 | |
| Quang Tri | 128 | 23.6 | 137 | 23.1 | 55 | 16.1 | 320 | 21.7 | |
| Dak Lak | 132 | 24.4 | 148 | 24.9 | 40 | 11.7 | 320 | 21.7 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City | 118 | 21.8 | 94 | 15.8 | 61 | 17.9 | 273 | 18.5 | |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p-Value | |
| Age, years | 18.5 | 2.0 | 19.0 | 2.1 | 19.0 | 2.3 | 18.8 | 2.1 | <0.01 |
| Kessler score (0–24) | 3.9 | 3.9 | 7.3 | 4.7 | 6.3 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 4.6 | <0.01 |
| Time using social network sites per day (hours) | 3.8 | 2.6 | 4.6 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 3.0 | <0.01 |
| Visual analogue scale (VAS) (0–100) | 89.0 | 12.8 | 82.5 | 15.1 | 81.3 | 17.5 | 84.6 | 15.3 | <0.01 |
| Community cohesion | |||||||||
| Neighborhood cohesion (0–5) | 2.3 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0.060 |
| Neighborhood disorder (0–3) | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.6 | <0.01 |