Table 4.

The interplay between emotional and behavioral issues related to peer relationships and sleep over time.

	Study	Sleep Variable	Main Effect Reported Emotional and Behavioral Issues T1 → Sleep Variables T2	Main Effect Reported Sleep Variables T1 → Emotional and Behavioral Issues T2	Main Findings
Interpersonal functioning	Roberts et al., 2009 [78]	Short sleep duration (S)		OR = 1.19 [0.73; 1.94]	Sleep duration is not associated with interpersonal functioning over time.
Loneliness	Sladek and Doane, 2015 [12]	Sleep duration (O)	r = −0.01	r = −0.07	There is no association between sleep quality indicators and loneliness over time.
		Sleep latency (O)	r = −0.02	r = −0.01
Risky sexual behaviour	Troxel et al., 2019 [79]	Sleep duration (S)		OR Short vs. sufficient sleepers/Weekday = 1.14 [0.91, 1.42] OR Short vs. intermediate/Weekend = 1.02 [0.82, 1.28]	Shorter weekend sleep duration is associated with higher levels of risky sexual behavior over time.
		Sleep variability (S)		OR Sleep variability low vs. high = 1.97 [1.19, 3.26]	Shorter weekday/weekend variability in sleep duration is associated with higher levels of risky sexual behavior over time.
		Sleep quality (S)		OR Poor vs. High Sleep Quality = 0.93 [0.72, 1.21]	Sleep quality is not associated with risky sexual behavior over time.
Fear of missing out	Zhang et al., 2021 [82]	Sleep duration (S)	r = −0.10	r = −0.20 ***	Sleep duration is negatively associated with fear of missing out over time; the association is moderate.
		Bedtime procrastination (S)	r = 0.19 **	r = 0.20 ***	Bedtime procrastination and fear of missing out are reciprocally associated over time. These associations are moderate.

Note: S = subjective sleep assessment; O = objective sleep assessment; T = time; OR = odds ratio and confidence interval in parenthesis; r = Pearson’s correlation coefficient; *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01.