. 2023 Jan 28;20(3):2339. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032339

Table 4.

Difference between baseline and post-test between two groups.

Variable Names	Group	Baseline	Post-Test	p	ES	∆	p
Mindfulness
FFMQ
Observing	Intervention group	25.52 ± 5.31	28.30 ± 4.48	0.027 *	0.566	2.78 ± 1.62	0.340
Observing	Control group	24.90 ± 6.56	25.65 ± 6.21	0.684	0.117	0.75 ± 0.10	0.340
Describing	Intervention group	25.22 ± 4.00	28.91 ± 4.40	0.000 ***	0.878	3.69 ± 4.28	0.001 ***
Describing	Control group	27.80 ± 4.53	25.85 ± 3.96	0.137	0.458	−1.95 ± 5.62	0.001 ***
Acting with awareness	Intervention group	24.13 ± 5.51	26.48 ± 2.47	0.074	0.550	2.35 ± 2.00	0.039 *
Acting with awareness	Control group	27.85 ± 4.80	26.25 ± 4.23	0.256	0.354	−1.60 ± 6.11	0.039 *
Nonjudging	Intervention group	22.17 ± 3.35	23.39 ± 2.13	0.180	0.435	1.22 ± 4.22	0.229
Nonjudging	Control group	23.50 ± 4.27	22.90 ± 4.28	0.632	0.140	−0.60 ± 5.52	0.229
Nonreactivity	Intervention group	21.52 ± 3.70	24.26 ± 3.95	0.010 *	0.716	2.74 ± 4.63	0.053
Nonreactivity	Control group	21.40 ± 4.25	21.25 ± 3.45	0.891	0.039	−0.15 ± 4.85	0.053
Total score	Intervention group	118.57 ± 9.81	131.35 ± 12.86	0.000 ***	1.117	12.78 ± 12.85	0.001 ***
Total score	Control group	122.45 ± 11.17	121.90 ± 8.08	0.827	0.056	−0.55 ± 11.07	0.001 ***
MAAS
Total score	Intervention group	3.78 ± 0.78	4.26 ± 0.75	0.008 **	0.627	0.48 ± 0.75	0.039 *
Total score	Control group	3.95 ± 0.91	3.70 ± 0.92	0.623	0.541	−0.25 ± 1.42	0.039 *
Psychological Outcomes
AAQ-II
Total score	Intervention group	21.35 ± 7.33	17.13 ± 3.76	0.006 **	0.724	−4.22 ± 6.66	0.616
Total score	Control group	23.55 ± 6.90	20.45 ± 4.64	0.093	0.527	−3.10 ± 7.83	0.616
SCAT
Total score	Intervention group	19.43 ± 3.29	18.52 ± 4.50	0.165	0.231	−1.09 ± 3.63	0.306
Total score	Control group	19.85 ± 1.98	19.90 ± 2.47	0.950	0.022	0.05 ± 3.53	0.306
Shooting Performance
Three-pointers made	Intervention group	5.30 ± 1.82	6.30 ± 1.72	0.007 **	0.565	1.00 ± 1.60	0.386
Three-pointers made	Control group	4.10 ± 2.13	4.60 ± 1.64	0.309	0.263	0.50 ± 2.14	0.386
Three-point attempts	Intervention group	11.09 ± 1.13	11.52 ± 0.90	0.076	0.421	0.43 ± 1.21	0.612
Three-point attempts	Control group	10.65 ± 0.81	10.90 ± 0.97	0.383	0.280	0.25 ± 0.15	0.612
Mid-range shots made	Intervention group	11.30 ± 2.91	11.00 ± 2.24	0.620	0.116	−0.30 ± 2.90	0.315
Mid-range shots made	Control group	10.05 ± 1.73	10.60 ± 1.98	0.350	0.296	0.55 ± 2.56	0.315
Free throws made	Intervention group	5.96 ± 1.97	7.22 ± 1.68	0.004 **	0.688	1.26 ± 1.86	0.043 *
Free throws made	Control group	5.75 ± 1.55	5.80 ± 1.61	0.909	0.032	0.05 ± 1.93	0.043 *

Note: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; ES: effect size, Cohen’s d; ∆: mean difference calculated by post-test minus pre-test.