Figure 1.

(A) The overview of MetaSEM: the meta-decoder extracts the regulatory relationship to output a pseudo-data label. The encoder transforms the data feature into feature vectors. The GRN Layer is a specially designed layer for embedding the SEM matrix. The red arrows indicate the outer loop, and the yellow arrows indicate the inner loop. With hyperparameter optimization, MetaSEM integrates the outer and inner loop based on gradient. The ${\theta }_F$ represents the hyperparameters of the encoder, and ${\theta }_A$ represents the hyperparameters of the meta-decoder. (B) By analyzing the SEM matrix, MetaSEM performs three major functions: identification of the regulators, GRN visualization, and cell-type identification.