Figure 2.

Effects of long-term EE housing and/or caffeine treatment on motor behavior in Tg4-42 mice. Both vehicle- and caffeine-treated EE mice showed a significantly improved motor performance in the rotarod task compared to the corresponding groups housed under SH conditions (a). In the balance beam task, Tg4-42 SH performed significantly worse compared to all other treatment groups (b). All data are given as mean ± SD. (a) Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison, (b) One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison: *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. Data from vehicle- and caffeine-treated SH and vehicle-treated EE Tg4-42 groups have been partially included in previous studies [7,39] and were part of a larger set of experiments in order to minimize experimental animal numbers.