Figure 4.

Spatial reference memory in Tg4-42 mice. (a) Except for Tg4-42, all treated groups displayed a clear and significant preference for the target compared to all the other quadrants, indicative of a rescued spatial reference memory. (b) Swimming speed during the probe trial showed a significant increase in Tg4-42 EE+caffeine compared to all other groups (all p < 0.05). Statistical analysis was performed using Dirichlet distributions (a) as described earlier [42]. Dirichlet p-values are indicated at the top of each heatmap. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test (b). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. All data are given as mean ± SD. TQ—target quadrant; AQ—adjacent quadrant; OQ—opposite quadrant. Data from vehicle- and caffeine-treated SH and vehicle-treated EE Tg4-42 groups have been partially included in previous studies [7,39] and were part of a larger set of experiments in order to minimize experimental animal numbers.