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. 2023 Jan 27;24(3):2479. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032479

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Import of β-barrel precursors into the outer mitochondrial membrane. (A) Upon translocation through the TOMM40 channel, the precursors bind to TIMM9–TIMM10 complex, which protect the β-barrel precursors from aggregation in the aqueous IMS and deliver the β-barrel precursors to the SAM complex. Subsequently, the precursors are folded in the SAM complex and laterally released into the lipid phase of the outer membrane. (B) SAM37 interacts with the cytosolic receptor domain of TOMM22, thereby linking the two complexes and leading to the formation of a TOMM–SAM supercomplex, which enables the binding of SAM35 to the β signal of the precursor, thereby allowing the direct transfer of the β-barrel precursors from TOMM to the SAM complex. Subsequently, the β-barrel precursors are inserted into the SAM50 channel, after which they are folded in the SAM complex and released laterally into the lipid phase of the outer membrane. IMS, intermembrane space. The figure was created with Biorender.com.