Figure 3.

FXR and kidney diseases. The activation of FXR attenuates various kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury, diabetic kidney disease, obesity-related kidney disease and hepatorenal syndrome, by inhibiting several cell death modes of renal tubular epithelium, including apoptotic, autophagy and ferroptosis, ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis and improving abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. The role of FXR in renal neoplasia is slightly unclear and is not included in this figure. ㊀ indicates inhibition.