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. 2023 Feb 10;9(6):eade9497. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ade9497

Fig. 5. Matrix viscoelasticity mediates long-term commitment of MSC chondrogenesis through regulating cell survival via adjusting ROCK-dependent apoptosis.

Fig. 5.

(A) TUNEL staining images of MSCs treated with blebbistatin or Y-27632 (day 2). Scale bars, 50 μm. (B) Quantification of TUNEL-positive cells (n = 3, *P < 0.05; data are shown as means ± SD). (C) Quantification of DNA of MSCs treated with blebbistatin or Y-27632 (day 6; two independent experiments; one representative experiment is shown; n = 3; *P < 0.05; data are shown as means ± SD). (D) Representative images of type II collagen immunofluorescent staining of MSCs treated with blebbistatin or Y-27632 (day 6). Scale bars, 25 μm. (E and F) Quantification of type II collagen fluorescence intensity of MSCs treated with blebbistatin (E) or Y-27632 (F) (n = 3; *P < 0.05; data are shown as means ± SD). (G and H) Gene expression of ACAN and Col2a1 of MSCs treated with blebbistatin (G) or Y-27632 (H) (day 6; three independent experiments; one representative experiment is shown; n = 3; *P < 0.05; data are shown as means ± SD). (I and J) Quantification of GAGs produced by MSCs treated with blebbistatin (I) or Y-27632 (J) [day 6; two independent experiments; one representative experiment is shown; n = 3; *P < 0.05; a and b indicate a significant difference (*P < 0.05) compared with the slower and faster hydrogels in the control group, respectively; data are shown as means ± SD].