2′-FL	2-fucosyllactose
3′-FL	3-fucosyllactose
3′-SL	3-sialyllactose
6′-SL	6-sialyllactose
BAX	Bcl-2-associated X protein
bFGF	basic fibroblast growth factor
CHD	congenital heart disease
DCDA	dichorionic diamniotic
DSS	dextran sulfate sodium
EGF	epidermal growth factor
eNOS	endothelial NO synthase
ET-1	endothelin-1
FGFR2	fibroblast growth factor receptor 2
F-Tr	GDP-fucose transporter
Fuc	fucose
FUK	fucokinase
FUT1	fucosyltransferase 1
FUT2	fucosyltransferase 2
FUT7	fucosyltransferase VII
FX	GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose 3,5- epimerase- 4-reductase
GA	gestational age
GDM	gestational diabetes mellitus
GFPP	GDP-β-l-fucose pyrophosphorylase
GL	genus level
GlcNAc	N-acetyl-glucosamine
GLUT1	glucose transporter 1
GMD	GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase
HIF	factors induced by hypoxia
HMO	human milk oligosaccharides
IBD	inflammatory bowel disease
IL-1β	interleukin-1β
IUGR	intrauterine growth retardation
Ley	Lewis Y
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MCDA	monochorionic diamniotic twins
MUC1	mucin 1
MUC2	mucin-2
MUC5AC	mucin-5AC
NEC	necrotizing enterocolitis
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa B
NO	nitric oxide
OTUs	operational taxonomic units
PAF	platelet-activating factor
PAI-1	plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
PDA	persistent ductus arteriosus
PE	pre-eclampsia
PHD3	HIF-prolyl hydroxylase 3
PI-CST	preterm community state types
PIGF	placental growth factor
PIH	pregnancy-induced hypertension
PL	phylum level
POFUT	protein O-fucosyltransferase
RIC	remote ischemic conditioning
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SCFAs	short-chain fatty acids
SCT	syncytiotrophoblast
sEng	soluble endoglin
sFlt-1	soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1
SIRT1	sirtuin 1
SL	species level
ST6GAL1	beta-galactosamide-alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1
TFF2	trefoil factor 2
TFF3	trefoil factor 3
TGF-β1	transforming growth factor beta 1
TLR4	toll-like receptor 4
TMAO	trimethylamine-N-oxide
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor alpha
TSR	thrombospondin--type 1 repeats
UDP-galactose	uridine diphosphate galactose
UGT1	uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
VLBW	very low birth weight
WAZ	weight-for-age z-score
ZO-1	zonula occludens-1
α1,6-Fuc	α-1,6-fucosyltransferase