Figure 3.

Preeclamptic placental macrophages and circadian clock gene expression. Placental macrophages were isolated from nine women who developed preeclampsia and (A) single culture (n = 9) or (B) co-culture with trophoblasts (n = 3, heterologous) were performed. The expression of the clock genes (BMAL1, CLOCK, PER2, CRY2, and NR1D1) was evaluated by qRT-PCR every 4 h for 24 h and expressed in fold change from the maximum value. Each sinusoid (in gray) represents the expression of the clock genes over time for each donor after adjustment of the values by the cosinor model (mean of 3 technical replicates for each donor). The mean of the fold change of biological replicates is represented in blue. The statistical analysis was performed using the cosinor function using R studio (v3.4.0, Boston, MA, USA).