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. 2023 Jan 31;24(3):2675. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032675

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Force–pCa relationship in skinned cardiomyocytes. (A,E) Skinned RV myocytes from R14del-PLN hearts (48.9 ± 0.63 mN/mm², n = 9 cells/3 hearts) showed a significant decrease in maximal force development compared with WT-PLN RV myocytes (58.92 ± 0.96 mN/mm², n = 9 cells/3 hearts). (B,F) Similarly, LV skinned myocytes from R14del (54.94 ± 1.18 mN/mm², n = 9 cells/3 hearts) showed a significant decrease in maximal force development, compared with WT-PLN LV skinned myocytes (61.34 ± 1.75 mN/mm², n = 9 cells/3 hearts). Calcium sensitivity of force development, expressed as pCa₅₀, was significantly increased in both RV (C,G) and LV (D,H) R14del myocytes compared to WT-PLN cardiomyocytes. mN = millinewtons. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, and statistical analyses were performed with Student’s unpaired t-test. ** p ≤ 0.01 vs. WT-PLN.