Table 1.
Neuroprotective effects of GSH supplementation in several brain insults.
| Disorder | Animal Model | Genetic Manipulation |
Treatment | Result | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitatory amino-acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) | Protocatechuic acid (PCA) | ROS ↓ | |||
| Stroke | C57BL/6J SD rat |
Glutamate transporter-associated protein 3–18 (GTRAP3-18) | N-acetylcysteine (NAC) | activity of microglia and astrocytes ↓ neuronal cell death ↓ |
[13,22,73,75] |
| zinc accumulation ↓ GSH levels ↑ |
|||||
| - | ischemic brain injury ↓ | ||||
| Traumatic brain injury (TBI) | C57BL/6J SD rat |
Excitatory amino-acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) Zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) |
Protocatechuic acid (PCA) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) |
ROS ↓ activity of microglia and astrocytes ↓ neuronal cell death ↓ zinc accumulation ↓ traumatic brain injury ↓ |
[15,24,76] |
| Epilepsy | SD rat | Protocatechuic acid (PCA) | activity of microglia and astrocytes ↓ neuronal cell death ↓ GSH levels ↑ ROS ↓ |
[77] | |
| Hypoglycemia | SD rat | Pyruvic acid N-acetylcysteine (NAC) |
ROS ↓ activity of microglia and astrocytes ↓ neuronal cell death ↓ zinc accumulation ↓ GSH levels ↑ disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) ↓ |
[78,79] |