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. 2023 Feb 2;24(3):2855. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032855

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Boundaries organize enhancer–promoter interactions in the Abd-B gene of the BX-C. (A) Map of the BX-C showing the location of the three homeotic genes and the parasegment-specific regulatory domains. There are nine cis-regulatory domains (shown as colored boxes) that are responsible for the regulation of the BX-C genes and the specification of parasegments 5 to 13, which correspond to T3-A8 segments. The abx/bx (yellow) and bxd/pbx (orange) domains activate Ubx, iab-2–iab-4 (shades of blue) activates abd-A, and iab-5–9 (shades of green) activates Abd-B. Lines with colored circles mark chromatin boundaries. The dCTCF, Pita, and Su(Hw) binding sites at the boundaries are shown as red, blue, and yellow circles, respectively. (B) Model of Abd-B activation in A5/PS11. The active chromatin zone is marked in pink.