1. Characteristics of studies included and sampled.
| Author(s), Year | Country | Mode of rehabilitation delivery | Description of study participants | Health condition or disability addressed by the study/Type of rehabilitation delivered | Study design/ Data collection approach/ Data analysis approach |
| Argent 2018 | Ireland | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Ten healthcare professionals (four physiotherapists, two clinical nurse specialists, two orthopaedic assistants, one occupational therapist and one staff nurse) | Joint replacement/ Exercise therapy |
Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis with a grounded‐theory approach |
| Borade 2019 | India | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Twenty‐five patients having mobility related disabilities, who used one or more ads | Mobility restriction/ Activities in daily living (ADL) | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Brouns 2018 | Netherlands | In‐person + home‐based telerehabilitation | Thirty‐two patients, fifteen caregivers, and thirteen healthcare professionals (physiotherapists, psychologists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, physicians, and managers) | Stroke/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured individual and focus group interviews/ Direct content analysis using the implementation model of Grol |
| Bodker 2015 | Denmark | In‐person + home‐based telerehabilitation | Eleven patients with COPD and the therapist of the programme (managing nurse and the physiotherapist) | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/ Pulmonary |
Ethnographic/ Observations and semi‐structured interviews/ Analytical concepts developed within STS (Science and Technology Studies) in order to study the taming and unleashing of telecare |
| Damhus 2018 | Denmark | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Twenty‐five healthcare professionals (6 nurses and 19 physiotherapists) | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/ Respiratory |
Theoretical domains framework/ Semi‐structured individual and focus group interviews/ Data were triangulated and was used as a coding framework in the analysis |
| Dennett 2020 | England | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Eleven patients with multiple sclerosis | Multiple Sclerosis/ Exercise therapy | Qualitative study/ In‐depth, individual, face‐to‐face interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Dinesen 2019 | Denmark | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Fourteen cardiac patients, twelve patient spouses/partners, and one son | Cardiac disease/ Cardiac | Descriptive case study/ Documents, participant observation, and interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Dubouloz 2004 | Canada | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Six patients with rheumatoid arthritis | Arthritis/ Activities in daily living (ADL) | Grounded theory study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Constant comparative analysis |
| Edbrooke 2020 | Australia | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Ninety‐two patients with non‐small cell lung cancer | Cancer/ Exercise therapy | Mixed methods study / Semi‐structured interviews, home visits and telephone calls/ Content analysis |
| Emmerson 2018 | Australia | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Ten patients with stroke and upper limb impairment | Stroke/ Exercise therapy | Convergent mixed methods design, based on phenomenology/ Semi‐structured interview in‐depth/ Thematic analysis |
| Folan 2015 | Australia | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Seven patients ( 4 in‐patients and 3 out‐patients) with spinal cord injury | Spinal cord injury/ Activities in daily living (ADL) | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Govender 2019 | South Africa | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Five patients, five family caregivers, five community partners, five clinicians, and five researchers | Elderly/ Multidisciplinary | Exploratory study/ Survey and semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Gélinas‐Bronsard 2019 | Canada | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Eight patients who had suffered a stroke |
Stroke/ Multidisciplinary | Individual qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Content analysis |
| Hale Gallardo 2020 | United States | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Ten stakeholders (medical directors and program managers) | Not specified/ Exercise therapy | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| HeydariKhayat 2020 | Iran | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Sixteen burn survivors patients | Burns/ Multidisciplinary | Phenomenological study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Hoaas 2016 | Norway | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Ten patients with moderate to severe COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease /Respiratory | Mixed methods study/ Analysis of logs on the webpage, semi‐structured focus groups, standardised questionnaire and an individual open‐ended questionnaire/ Thematic analysis |
| Kamwesiga 2017 | Uganda | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Eleven patients with stroke and nine family caregivers | Stroke/ Multidisciplinary | Grounded theory study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Constant comparative analysis |
| Lawson 2020 | Australia | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Twenty‐five patients with stroke and nine healthcare professionals | Stroke/ Cognitive | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Inductive thematic analysis |
| Malmberg 2018 | Sweden | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Twenty patients that had used Internet interventions for hearing aid | Hearing impairment/ Communication | Qualitative exploratory study/ Semi‐structured telephone interviews/ Content analysis |
| Mendell 2019 | Canada | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Thirty‐eight patients with acute coronary syndrome | Acute coronary syndrome/ Cardiac | Qualitative study/ Chat sessions/ Thematic analysis |
| Mohd Nordin 2014 | Malaysia | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Fifteen rehabilitation professionals and eight stroke survivors | Stroke/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Focus groups/ Thematic analysis |
| Ng 2013 | Canada | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Three patients and their significant others | Brain Injury/ Cognitive | Case study/ Feedback interviews, therapist´s field notes and session recordings/ Descriptive analysis |
| Nordin 2017 | Sweden | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Nineteen patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain | Persistent Pain/ Multimodal for pain | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Content analysis |
| O'Doherty 2013 | Ireland | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Ten nurses | Elderly/ Nursing in | Qualitative descriptive study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| O'Shea 2020 | Dublin and Belgium | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Forty‐four patients with cardiovascular disease | Cardiovascular disease/ Cariac | Qualitative study/ Participant debriefs, interviews/ Braun and Clarke framework for thematic analysis |
| Ownsworth 2020 | Australia | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Thirteen multidisciplinary rehabilitation coordinators, nine patients, and eight family caregivers | Brain injury/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Inductive analysis |
| Oyesanya 2019 | United States | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Fifteen patients and twelve caregivers | Brain Injury/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative exploratory study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Content analysis |
| Palazzo 2016 | France | In‐person + home‐based telerehabilitation | Twenty‐nine patients with chronic low back pain | Chronic low back pain/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Palmcrantz 2017 | Sweden | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Fifteen patients who had suffered stroke | Stroke/ Exercise therapy | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Content analysis |
| Pekmezaris 2020 | United States | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Approximately 20 community advisory board members, one‐third were patients and caregivers, one‐third were providers (pulmonologists, researchers, and primary care physicians), and another one‐third were the other stakeholders (such as community‐based organizations) |
Pulmonary diseases/ Respiratory | Qualitative study/ Focus groups/ Content analysis |
| Pinto 2014 | Brazil | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Twenty‐three patients with COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/ Respiratory | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic content analysis and contextualized semantic interpretation |
| Ranaldi 2018 | United Kingdom | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Four hundred fifty‐seven patients with cardiac disease | Cardiac disease/ Cardiac | Qualitative study/ Questionnaires/ Thematic analysis |
| Randström 2012 | Sweden | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Ten older patients | Elderly/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Interviews/ Content analysis |
| Randstrom 2013 | Sweden | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Six older patients and six family members | Elderly/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative descriptive study/ Interviews/ Content analysis |
| Randström 2014 | Sweden | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Twenty‐eight healthcare providers, six physiotherapists, three occupational therapists, five district nurses, five nurse assistants, one home helper, three home help officers responsible for needs assessment and five home help officers in charge of home help | Elderly/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative descriptive study/ Focus groups/ Content analysis |
| Rietdijk 2020 | Australia | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Thirty‐six patients and their caregivers | Elderly/ Communication | Mixed methods study/ Skype interview, telephone interview or written questionnaire/ Inductive thematic analysis |
| Rizzo 2019 | United States | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Ten patients with orthopaedic diagnoses | Musculoeskeletal/ Exercise therapy | Interpretative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Constant comparative analysis |
| Saywell 2015 | New Zealand | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Fifteen patients who had suffered stroke | Stroke/ Exercise therapy | Qualitative descriptive study/ A brief questionnaire was used to gather data on mobile phone ownership/ Inductive analysis |
| Schopfer 2020 | United States | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | One hundred and seventy one patients with cardiac diseases (acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, obstructive coronary artery disease, stable angina, valve replacement and some outpatients with stable heart failure | Cardiac disease/ Cardiac | Mixed methods study/ Survey, and open‐ended semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Shulver 2016 | Australia | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Forty‐four health workers (experienced and inexperienced) providing services to older people in the areas of rehabilitation and allied health, residential aged care and palliative care | Elderly/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured focus groups/ Thematic analysis |
| Shulver 2017 | Australia | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Thirteen older patients, three spouses and one caregiver | Elderly/ Exercise therapy | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Silveira 2019 | United States | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Twenty patients with multiple sclerosis who use wheelchairs | Multiple Sclerosis/ Exercise therapy | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Deductive content analysis |
| Stark 2019 | Germany | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Thirteen patients and nine non‐professional coaches (family members) | Stroke/ Exercise therapy | Mixed methods study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Hermeneutic phenomenological data analysis |
| Stuifbergen 2011 | United States | In‐person + home‐based telerehabilitation | Thirty‐four patients with multiple sclerosis | Multiple Sclerosis/ Cognitive | Qualitative exploratory, descriptive study/ Qualitative data from a questionnaire administered by phone/ Content analysis |
| Sureshkumar 2016 | India | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Sixty patients and their caregivers | Stroke/ Multidisciplinary | Mixed methods study/ Semi‐structured questionnaire/ Framework approach |
| Teriö 2019 | Uganda | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Twelve participants: Four occupational therapists, three researchers, three information technology (IT) specialists and two rehabilitation managers | Stroke/ Activities in daily living (ADL) | Single‐case study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Framework approach |
| Tsai 2016 | Australia | In‐person + home‐based telerehabilitation | Eleven patients with COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/ Respiratory | Mixed methods study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic descriptive analysis |
| Turner 2011 | Australia | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Twenty patients and eighteen family caregivers | Brain Injury/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| Tyagi 2018 | Singapore | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Thirty‐seven participants: 13 patient‐caregiver dyads and 11 therapists | Stroke/ Exercise therapy | Qualitative study / Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews and focus group discussions/ Thematic analysis |
| Umb Carlsson 2019 | Sweden | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Five residents, six staff members and five rehabilitation professionals | Intellectual disability/ Promotion of healthy lifestyles | Qualitative study/ Semi‐structured interviews/ Content analysis |
| Van der Meer 2020 | Netherlands | Home‐based telerehabilitation | Nine patients and eleven orofacial physical therapists | Temporomandibular Disorders/ Exercise therapy |
Qualitative descriptive study/ Open face‐to‐face interviews/ Thematic analysis |
| VanderVeen 2019 | Netherlands | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Fourteen healthcare professionals: two occupational therapists, two physical therapists, two case managers, a psychologist, an elderly advisor, a nurse, a speech therapist, a nursing home manager, a manager in allied healthcare, a general practitioner and a geriatrician. | Stroke/ Multidisciplinary | Qualitative study/ Focus groups and semi‐structured interviews/ Content analysis |
| Vik 2009 | Norway | In‐person home‐based rehabilitation | Three older patients | Elderly/ Nursing in | Case study/ Interviews/ Grounded theory |