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. 2022 Dec 20;42(7):530–540. doi: 10.1038/s41388-022-02569-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A Correlation network among differential abundant species (enriched/depleted) selected by LEfSe in appendectomy and control groups. B Heatmap for all stronger relationships in appendectomy cases among appendectomy-enriched/depleted bacteria. The node size in the heatmap represented Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. C Subgroup analysis (age ≤50/ age > 50 years) of associations in appendectomy cases among selected bacteria with correlation coefficient rho below −0.2 or above 0.6 are shown. Correlations were calculated by Spearman’s rank correlation. The node size in the networks represents log2 (Fold Change). The red lines represent co-exclusion correlation, and green lines represent co-occurrence association. Species that were reported to promote cancer were marked in red fonts, while the cancer-inhibiting species were marked in blue fonts.