Table 3.

Illustrative example: scaling deep

General impact determinants	Comprehensive enabling factors	Initiative-based learning	Interactions across system levels	Transformative effects Resulting from scaling-deep dynamics
		Case-specific enabling factors Resulting through the observation of one/more initiatives in one context	Identification of key scaling mechanisms
Knowledge and abilities	Facilitating experience exchange	• Local fora development to ease experience exchange among practitioners working in urban regeneration • Feedback about ongoing activities is exchanged within neighbourhood associations	Scaling deep Creation/birth of constellations of practices implementing learning experiments (mainly regime driven) Key interactions: Regime drives, supports, enables niches; niches activate experiments with very low involvement of regime; niches challenge the regime	• Local rooting of new practices and related values • Local learning through experiments on influencing culture, practices and structures • Widened constellation ecosystem • Local learning through experiments on influencing culture, practices and structures • New culture, practices and structures’ potential shown to regimes
	Supporting shared reflection	• Citizens involved in the development of the initiative(s) discuss the importance of cultural actions in relation to local identity issues • Citizens involved in the development of the initiative(s) discuss about their expectations for the future of the neighbourhood
Norms and regulations	Rooting in norms and regulations from the impact domains	• Cultural operators participate in co-design experiments seeking to support policy making
Narratives and discourses	Aligning with discourses emerging in the impact domain	• In line with well-being-oriented approaches to urban planning, cultural operators launch activities to promote active lifestyle
Resources and infrastructures	Activation of dedicated working groups	• Practitioners from the cultural sector collaborate with local institutions
	Access and activation of spaces and infrastructures	• Underused urban spaces are activated • Private venues are made available for public exhibitions
Networks and partnerships	Emergence and consolidation of collaborative schemes	• Cultural operators collaborate with local schools for the re-activation of neighbourhood spaces
	Involvement of co-beneficiaries	• Culture-led projects targeting e.g., urban regeneration directly involve vulnerable target groups