Baicalein causes ROS generation and DNA damage in ovarian cancer cells. (A) Baicalein treatment results in ROS production. SKOV-3 cells were pretreated with H2DCFDA for 1 h and then treated with 100 or 200 μM baicalein for 2–6 h, and the fluorescence intensity due to ROS production was measured. (B,C) Baicalein treatment causes DNA double-strand breaks. (B) SKOV-3 and TOV-21G cells were treated with baicalein (50–200 μM) for 48 h or (C) SKOV-3 cells were treated with baicalein (100 μM) for the indicated times (12–72 h), and the protein levels of phosphorylated H2AX (a DNA double-strand break marker) were measured by immunoblot analysis. Significance was defined as *, p < 0.05 and **, p < 0.01 relative to the vehicle control.