Table 1.

Mechanical properties of the train components.

Component	Property	Symbol	Value
Wheel	Stiffness	$k_w$	$1\times {10}^5$ kN/m
	Mass	$m_w$	906.5 kg
	Height	$H_w$	0.46 m
Boogie	Stiffness	$k_1$	1120 kN/m
	Damping	$c_1$	4 kNs/m
	Mass inertia	$I_{yb}$	1610 kgm2
	Mass	$m_b$	2615 kg
	Height	$H_b$	0.88 m
	Length	$L_b$	2.56 m
	Density	${\rho }_1$	10,200 kg/m3
	Young’ Modulus	E	$1\times {10}^5$ GPa
	Poison’s ratio	$\nu$	0.2
	Cross section	$H_1,B_1$	0.25 m, 0.15 m
Car	Stiffness	$k_2$	430 kN/m
	Damping	$c_2$	20 kNs/m
	Mass inertia	$I_{yc}$	$1.97\times {10}^6$ kgm2
	Mass	$m_c$	32,000 kg
	Height	$H_c$	1.8 m
	Length	$L_c$	19 m
	Density	${\rho }_1$	7400 kg/m3
	Cross section	$H_2,B_2$	0.65 m, 0.35 m