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. 2023 Feb 1;15(3):743. doi: 10.3390/nu15030743

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The intervention of SFN alleviates intestinal inflammation in HFHFr mice by inhibiting the TLR4 /NF-κB pathway and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. (A) The relative mRNA expression of the proinflammatory genes TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the chemokines CCL2 and CCL4 in the colon (n = 6). (B) Relative mRNA levels analysis of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in the colon (n = 6). (C) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in colon samples (n = 6). The scale bar is 50 µm. (D–F) Quantification of immunohistochemical staining for TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB (n = 6). (G) The relative mRNA expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes GPR78, IRE1α, TRAF2, JNK, and CHOP in the colon (n = 6). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared with HFHFr.