Table 1.

Potential factors that increase the chances of obtaining breast cancer with examples.

Factors	Examples
Heredity and genetic factors	Family history and breast cancer-causing gene mutation, pathogenic mutations in cancer-predisposition genes, and common single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked to breast cancer
Menstruation-related	Age of menarche and later age of menopause
Reproduction-related	Nulliparous, postponement of having firstborn, low rate of reproduction, and low rate of breastfeeding
Exogenous hormone consumption	Oral contraceptive medication, menopausal hormone therapy, and hormone replacement therapy
Nutrition	Alcohol consumption, high trans-fat content food consumption, and smoking habit
Anthropometry	Obesity, high body mass index (BMI), high weight gain, and body fat distribution
Physical inactivity	Lack of routine exercise or bodywork
History of breast pathologies	Atypical hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, and high mammographic density
Exposure to therapeutic radiation	Therapeutic chest radiation for the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease