Table 8.
Successful liposome formulations tested on breast cancer cell lines with gene cargo and their type of study reported in publications.
| Lipid Nanomaterials | Type of Liposome | Type of Study | Cargo | Outcome | Cell Line | Year | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DOTAP and cholesterol | Cationic | In Vitro | Paclitaxel and Protein-coding gene siRNA (si-Plk1) |
Combined treatment that eliminates breast cancer cells better by 35–60%. | MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 | 2018 | [82] |
| DOPE, DOTAP, PC, and cholesterol | Cationic | In Vitro and In Vivo | Docetaxel and silencing gene shRNA (Sirtuin 1) |
More efficient in inducing cancer cell apoptosis and size tumour reduced | MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 | 2021 | [83] |
| DOPE, DOTAP and well-defined synthetic multifunctional peptide, DEN-K(GALA)-TAT-K(STR)-CTP | Cationic | In Vitro | siRNA B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) | Efficient cell internalisation and higher levels of gene expression | MCF-7 | 2017 | [84] |
| L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC), palmitoyl-snGlycero-3-Phopshoethanolamine (DPPE) and cholesterol (CHOL) with HA | Neutral | In Vitro | microRNA tumour suppressor (miR-125a-5p) | Significantly inhibited HER2 expression as well as cell proliferation and migration in the 21MT-1 cell line | 21MT-1 | 2016 | [116] |
| DOPG/DOPE and calcium ion | Anionic | In Vitro | siRNA (anti-eGFP siRNA) | Maximum silencing, low cytotoxic, stable and high efficiency in serum, efficient intracellular uptake and endosomal escape. | MDA-MB-231 | 2012 | [58] |
| Poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (D, L-lactide) (PEG5K-PLA11K) and the cationic lipid N, N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-N-(2- cholesteryoxycarbonyl-aminoethyl) ammonium bromide (BHEM-Chol) |
Cationic | In Vitro and In Vivo | siRNA, cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) | Synthetic lethality in TNBC cells with high cMyc expression in mouse xenograft | SUM149 | 2014 | [119] |
| Anti-CD44 aptamer conjugate (Liposomes) DPPC, cholesterol, and DSPE-PEG | Cationic | In Vitro and In Vivo | siRNA Firefly luciferase with protamine | Functionalised with anti-CD44 aptamer in the TNBC model exhibits gene silencing. | (MDAMB-231) | 2017 | [117] |
| DOPE, cholesterol and DMPG liposome conjugated with Fab’ antibody against heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor | Anionic | In Vitro and In Vivo | siRNA, polo-like kinase 1 (PLK 1) | Suppression of polo-like kinase 1 expression; tumour growth reduction | (MDA-MB-231) | 2018 | [118] |