Table 3.
Associations between the sarcopenia index and clinical outcomes
| Clinical outcomes | Total | Frequent exacerbators | Non-frequent exacerbators | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| Respiratory failure | ||||||
| low SI (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| high SI | 0.24(0.14–0.44) ** | 0.27(0.13–0.56) ** | 0.41(0.18–0.92) ** | 0.19(0.06–0.64) ** | 0.35(0.15–0.81) * | 0.31(0.11–0.85) * |
| Heart failure | ||||||
| low SI (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| high SI | 0.55(0.3–1) | 0.84(0.39–1.79) | 1.1(0.46–2.65) | 1.11(0.32–3.88) | 0.48(0.2–1.14) | 0.42(0.13–1.35) |
| Severe pneumonia | ||||||
| low SI (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| high SI | 0.38(0.15–0.95) * | 0.44(0.15–1.31) | 0.62(0.21–1.9) | 0.14(0.02–1.13) | 0.79(0.21–3.04) | 0.53(0.08–3.6) |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation, n(%) | ||||||
| low SI (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| high SI | 0.41(0.15–1.08) | 0.45(0.13–1.5) | 0.46(0.13–1.63) | 0.02(0–1.1) | 1(0.24–4.11) | 2.62(0.24–29.08) |
| Mortality, n(%) | ||||||
| low SI (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| high SI | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
SI Sarcopenia index,re: Reference
NA: unable to analyze owing to few outcome events
Model 1: non-adjusted model. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, smoking history, BMI, FEV1% predicted, WBC, CRP, ALB, GOLD grade (severity grading of COPD), CAT score, mMRC score, and comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, coronary disease, arrhythmia)
* P < 0.05, **P < 0.01