Table 3.
Distribution of common underlying aetiology of AHF by gender and age among study participants
| Aetiology | n(%) | Sex, n (%) | p value | Age in years, n (%) | p value | Multiple risk | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | < 40 | ≥ 40 | < 2 | ≥ 2 | p value | ||||
| Hypertensive heart disease | 30 (21.4) | 20 (66.7) | 10 (33.3) | 0.696 | 6 (20.0) | 24 (80.0) | 0.004*¥ | 4 (13.3) | 26 (86.7) | < 0.001*¥ |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 54 (38.6) | 30 (55.6) | 24 (44.4) | 20(37.0) | 34 (63.0) | 25 (46.3) | 29 (53.7) | |||
| Ischemic heart disease | 19 (13.6) | 11 (57.9) | 8 (42.1) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (100) | 1 (5.3) | 18 (94.7) | |||
| Valvular heart disease | 18 (12.9) | 9 (50.0) | 9 (50.0) | 8 (44.4) | 10 (55.6) | 8 (47.4) | 10 (55.6) | |||
| Otherф | 19 (13.6) | 9 (47.4) | 10 (52.6) | 5 (26.3) | 14 (73.7) | 9 (47.4) | 10 (52.6) | |||
фother include Cor pulmonale, Congenital heart disease, Thyrotoxic heart disease, Pericardial disease, Endomyocardial fibrosis, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Atrial myxoma
*p ≤ 0.05, ¥p values from Fischer exact test, multiple risks combines risk from ever and current smoking, previous and current alcohol use, BMI, histories of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and previous heart failure and family history of heart disease