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. 2023 Feb 2;28(3):1443. doi: 10.3390/molecules28031443

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme 2 — Mechanism studies. (1) The decomposition of isatoic anhydride. (2) The cyclization of 2-aminobenzoic acid with 2-acetylbenzoic acid. (3) The model reaction with one equivalent H₂O. (4) The model reaction was performed in dried toluene. (5) The model reaction without p-toluenesulfonic acid. (6) The model reaction without Na₂CO₃. (7) The reaction of compound 4aa in the presence of anhydrous p-toluenesulfonic acid.