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. 2023 Feb 11;14:785. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36336-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Heatmap showing the total number of virus-positive samples identified from RNA sequencing in different tumor tissues. The top panels show the fraction of tumor and non-cancer samples in which viruses were identified. The right panels show the number of viruses found in tumor and non-cancer samples. b Violin plots comparing the tumor mutation burden (TMB) and the number of chromosome-level copy number alteration (CNA) between HNSC patients where expression of high-risk alpha papillomaviruses was detected vs those patients where expression of high-risk alpha papillomaviruses was not detected. Black dots represent the medians, and the boundaries of the violin plots refer to the maximum and minimum values, respectively. Two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum p value is reported. c Kaplan–Meier curves comparing the survival rates between HNSC patients where the expression of high-risk alpha papillomaviruses was detected (blue curve) vs those where the expression of high-risk alpha papillomaviruses was not detected (red curve). The FDR-adjusted two-sided log-rank p value is not significant (Supplementary Table 1). For Kaplan–Meier curves, shaded areas represent the confidence interval of survival. Source data are provided as a Source Data file 2.