Fig. 8. Positive selection on accelerated TFBS groups in the human lineage.

The numbers of adaptive substitutions per kilobase D_p and the standard errors SE(D_p) are estimated by INSIGHT^50–52 (Supplementary Table 3). Error bars are centered at the MLE of D_p estimates and indicate two-fold standard errors in each direction. Total number of genetic elements: n = 27,893 (HARs: n = 3098, Pol III binding: n = 286, BDP1 binding sites: n = 439, POU5F1-NANOG binding: n = 1341, POU5F1 binding sites: n = 2040, FOXP2 binding sites: n = 15,881, NANOG binding sites: n = 2952, NRF1 binding sites: n = 1856). P-values were estimated from the one-sided Wald test to compare if D_p is greater than 0. Estimates of D_p found to be significantly greater than 0 are highlighted with stars, ^***p < 0.001.