TABLE 1.
Relationships between socio-demographic characteristics and variable scores of all variables.
| Variables | N (%) | Life events | Resilience | Pairwise comparison | Self-esteem | Positive coping | Pairwise comparison | Negative coping | Aggressive behavior | Pairwise comparison |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||
| 11 | 6 (0.8%) | 73.00 ± 20.00 | 87.00 ± 5.80 | 25.33 ± 3.78 | 15.33 ± 4.59 | 6.83 ± 3.31 | 74.33 ± 17.65* | a1 < c1* | ||
| 12a1 | 114 (15.2%) | 72.95 ± 25.46 | 93.19 ± 17.87 | 28.17 ± 5.40 | 19.05 ± 6.60 | 8.04 ± 4.86 | 76.55 ± 22.41 | a1 < d1* | ||
| 13b1 | 266 (35.4%) | 77.69 ± 22.78 | 96.69 ± 13.31 | 27.34 ± 5.43 | 19.04 ± 6.53 | 8.84 ± 4.56 | 81.09 ± 22.99 | b1 < d1* | ||
| 14c1 | 273 (36.4%) | 73.67 ± 22.14 | 91.92 ± 14.70 | 28.09 ± 4.84 | 18.90 ± 6.76 | 8.63 ± 4.67 | 81.89 ± 23.14 | |||
| 15d1 | 89 (11.9%) | 78.15 ± 26.83 | 87.34 ± 13.01 | 27.61 ± 4.54 | 17.50 ± 7.32 | 8.91 ± 4.52 | 87.06 ± 21.89 | |||
| 16 | 3 (0.4%) | 67.67 ± 23.03 | 92.33 ± 11.68 | 27.67 ± 4.04 | 16.67 ± 13.01 | 13.00 ± 5.20 | 61.54 ± 19.30 | |||
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 379 (50.5%) | 76.22 ± 23.35 | 91.62 ± 14.42 | 27.65 ± 5.18 | 18.46 ± 6.56 | 9.10 ± 4.67* | 82.62 ± 22.87 | |||
| Female | 372 (49.5%) | 74.68 ± 23.65 | 91.25 ± 15.40 | 27.86 ± 5.01 | 19.08 ± 6.91 | 8.19 ± 4.57 | 80.03 ± 23.01 | |||
| Grade | ||||||||||
| 7 | 221 (29.4%) | 77.13 ± 24.88 | 91.31 ± 16.27 | 27.38 ± 5.73 | 18.46 ± 6.16 | 8.78 ± 4.72 | 78.91 ± 22.36 | |||
| 8 | 263 (35.0%) | 74.29 ± 20.96 | 92.03 ± 13.56 | 27.71 ± 4.75 | 19.00 ± 7.00 | 8.58 ± 4.52 | 80.15 ± 23.32 | |||
| 9 | 267 (35.6%) | 75.65 24.61 | 90.95 ± 14.86 | 28.13 4.86 | 18.91 6.81 | 8.67 ± 4.65 | 84.34 ± 22.75 | |||
| Only child | ||||||||||
| Yes | 112 (14.9%) | 78.49 ± 27.86 | 91.98 ± 15.16 | 27.65 ± 4.66 | 18.45 ± 8.15 | 8.14 ± 4.09 | 80.40 ± 23.59 | |||
| No | 639 (85.1%) | 75.18 ± 22.70 | 91.32 ± 14.74 | 27.75 ± 5.17 | 18.85 ± 6.42 | 8.74 ± 4.70 | 81.49 ± 22.89 | |||
| Household income/y | ||||||||||
| < 10ka2 | 125 (16.6%) | 78.02 ± 24.20 | 91.24 ± 14.46* | a2<b2* | 28.50 ± 4.68 | 19.90 ± 6.49* | a2 > d2* | 9.35 ± 4.64 | 81.55 ± 24.76 | |
| 10k–20kb2 | 122 (16.2%) | 73.61 ± 24.75 | 95.64 ± 16.53 | b2 > d2* | 28.03 ± 6.36 | 20.80 ± 6.89 | b2 > d2* | 8.27 ± 4.99 | 76.95 ± 22.68 | |
| >20kc2 | 116 (15.4%) | 75.89 ± 22.17 | 93.62 ± 14.89 | c2>d2* | 27.85 ± 4.58 | 19.32 ± 7.31 | c2 > d2* | 9.80 ± 4.96 | 82.12 ± 24.23 | |
| Uncleard2 | 388 (51.7%) | 75.28 ± 23.23 | 89.60 ± 14.13 | 27.34 ± 4.89 | 17.66 ± 6.32 | 8.64 ± 4.45 | 82.15 ± 22.01 | |||
| Father out for work | ||||||||||
| Yes | 684 (91.1%) | 76.52 ± 23.48* | 91.38 ± 14.93 | 27.72 ± 5.12 | 18.75 ± 6.65 | 8.65 ± 4.66 | 81.40 ± 22.84 | |||
| No | 67 (8.9%) | 68.79 ± 20.66 | 91.04 ± 12.93 | 27.90 ± 4.86 | 19.14 ± 7.03 | 9.25 ± 4.19 | 82.72 ± 23.43 | |||
| Mother out for work | ||||||||||
| Yes | 474 (63.1%) | 75.81 ± 22.99 | 91.03 ± 14.08 | 27.65 ± 4.91 | 18.51 ± 6.64 | 8.86 ± 4.65 | 81.22 ± 22.42 | |||
| No | 277 (36.9%) | 75.55 ± 24.31 | 92.21 ± 15.70 | 27.89 ± 5.38 | 19.24 ± 6.65 | 8.36 ± 4.58 | 81.19 ± 24.08 | |||
| Attitude of the adolescents toward their parents’ migrant work | ||||||||||
| Strongly agreea3 | 91 (12.1%) | 71.53 ± 24.08 | 94.50 ± 15.49* | a3 > c3* | 28.38 ± 5.93 | 19.81 ± 7.04 | 8.69 ± 5.02 | 75.58 ± 24.39* | a3 < c3* | |
| Agreeb3 | 426 (56.7%) | 75.74 ± 23.07 | 92.07 ± 14.30 | a3 > d3* | 27.93 ± 4.80 | 18.73 ± 6.49 | 8.64 ± 4.49 | 80.12 ± 21.75 | a3 < d3* | |
| Indifferentc3 | 104 (13.8%) | 76.39 ± 23.40 | 87.80 ± 15.67 | a3 > e3* | 26.77 ± 5.71 | 17.50 ± 6.49 | 9.22 ± 4.78 | 87.40 ± 22.58 | b3 < c3* | |
| Disagreed3 | 105 (14.0%) | 76.48 ± 22.38 | 89.88 ± 15.31 | b3 > c3* | 27.42 ± 4.70 | 19.16 ± 6.76 | 8.82 ± 4.62 | 86.51 ± 24.61 | b3 < d3* | |
| Strongly disagreee3 | 25 (3.3%) | 81.00 ± 31.37 | 86.91 ± 11.44 | 27.40 ± 5.56 | 19.01 ± 7.78 | 8.12 ± 0.75 | 82.32 ± 22.60 | |||
*P < 0.05; these scores were significantly higher or lower than those for other groups within the socio-demographic characteristics.