Table 6.
Average daily smoking in the past 30 days as categorical variables to analyze the relationship between average daily smoking and depression in adults (n = 6,264) in NHANES (2005–2018).
| OR (95%CI), P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| Average daily smoking in the past 30 days | |||
| Q1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Q2 | 1.12 (0.80–1.55) 0.515 | 1.08 (0.78–1.49) 0.637 | 1.05 (0.74–1.48) 0.784 |
| Q3 | 1.38 (1.04–1.85) 0.030 | 1.46 (1.09–1.95) 0.012 | 1.36 (1.00–1.84) 0.054 |
| Q4 | 1.66 (1.29–2.12) < 0.001 | 1.98 (1.51–2.60) < 0.001 | 1.65 (1.24–2.19) < 0.001 |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Model 1: adjust for none. Model 2: adjust for age, gender, BMI, race; Model 3: adjust for age, gender, BMI, race, educational level, marital status, family PIR, diabetes, failing kidneys, heart failure, coronary heart disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, cancer or malignancy.
P for trend was calculated by modeling the median value of average number of cigarettes smoked per day in each quartile as a continuous variable.
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
Q1, 1st quartile smoking volume (< 5 cigarettes per day); Q2, 2nd quartile smoking volume (5–9 cigarettes per day); Q3, 3rd quartile smoking volume (10–19 cigarettes per day); Q4, 4th quartile smoking volume (over 19 cigarettes per day).