TABLE 1.
| Acute | Chronic | |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Intensity | ||
| Self-report | ||
| 4-12 y | • Faces Pain Scale–Revised (FPS-R) | • Same self-report indices with possible addition of diaries |
| >8 y | • Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; known as Verbal Numerical Scale, VNS, when given verbally) | |
| • Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | ||
| Observation | ||
| >1 y | • Toddler-Preschooler Postoperative Pain Scale (TPPPS) | • No well-validated measures |
| • Face, Legs, Arms, Cry, Consolability Scale (FLACC) | ||
| • Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) | ||
| >5 y with neurological or communication impairment | • Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist (NCCPC-R; for post-operative pain use NCCPC-PV) | • Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist (NCCPC-R) |
| Global judgment of satisfaction with treatment | ||
| For parent or child > 7 years | • Same indices | |
| • Global open-ended question | ||
| • 0-10 numeric rating scale | ||
| Symptoms and adverse events | ||
| • Active capture of symptoms and adverse events; severity and importance of each event | • Same indices | |
| Physical recovery | ||
| • No well-validated measure | • Functional Disability Inventory | |
| • PedsQL | ||
| Emotional response | ||
| Self-report | • Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool (APPT) | • Children's Depression Inventory (7-17 yrs) |
| • Facial Affective Scale (FAS) | ||
| • Revised Childhood Anxiety and Depression Scale | ||
| • PedsQL | ||
| Observation >1 y | • Procedure Behavior Check List (PBCL) | |
| • Procedure Behavioral Rating Scale Revised (PBRS-R) | ||
| Economic factors | ||
| • No well-validated measures | • No well-validated measures | |
| Role functioning | ||
| 6-18 y | • Not applicable | • School attendance |
| • PedMIDAS | ||
| • PedsQL | ||
| 8-17 y | • Not applicable | • PROMIS Pediatric Pain Interference Scale |
| Sleep | ||
| • Not applicable | • Polysomnography | |
| • Accelerometry | ||
| • Sleep Habits Questionnaire |
a
The PROMIS Pediatric Pain Interference Scale was not available at the time of the IMPACCT consensus process. We believe that it is a useful scale that should be considered particularly for analgesic studies for chronic pain. PedsQL, pediatric quality of life inventory; PedMIDAS, pediatric migraine disability assessment.