Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| N | 20 |
|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | |
| Age (years) | 46 ± 17.6; range 21–77 |
| Sex, male | 12 (60%) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Caucasian | 19 (95%) |
| African | 1 (5%) |
| Weight (kg) | 79 ± 12 |
| Height (cm) | 176 [170–184] |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25 ± 3; range 19–29 |
| ASA classification | |
| ASA I | 14 (70%) |
| ASA II | 6 (30%) |
| Lifestyle factors | |
| Current smoking | 1 (5%) |
| Past smoking | 9 (45%) |
| Alcohol use | 17 (85%) |
| No medication use | 9 |
| MoCA score | 27 [26–29] |
| Surgical characteristics | |
| Type of surgery | |
| Urological | 1 (5%) |
| Orthopaedic | 17 (85%) |
| Surgical | 2 (10%) |
| Spinal technique characteristics | |
| Puncture level | |
| L1–L2 | 1 (5%) |
| L2–L3 | 2 (10%) |
| L3–L4 | 13 (65%) |
| L4–L5 | 4 (20%) |
| CSF aspiration time (minutes) | 2 [2, 3]; range 1–4 |
Data are presented as n (%), mean ± SD or median [IQR]
BMI Body Mass Index, ASA American Society of Anaesthesiologists, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, CSF Cerebrospinal fluid