Table 2: Prevalence of morbidities, tobacco exposure, obesity and multimorbidity according to educational level at the Pró-Saúde study (PSS) baseline (1999-2001), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.
| Total | Educational level | P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postgraduate studies | Complete university | Incomplete University | Complete high school | Incomplete high school | Complete elementary | Incomplete elementary | |||
| Men | |||||||||
| Hypertension | 28.2 | 27.6 | 17.2 | 28.4 | 30.7 | 37.9 | 31.2 | 36.4 | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 5.5 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 2.9 | 6.5 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 10.6 | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 22.0 | 25.9 | 18.1 | 19.6 | 21.9 | 28.3 | 21.9 | 23.5 | 0.37 |
| Coronary heart disease | 2.4 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 8.3 | 6.1 | < 0.001 |
| Stroke | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 0.0 | 0.95 |
| Lung condition | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.31 |
| Peptic ulcer | 5.3 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 9.7 | 11.5 | 7.6 | < 0.001 |
| Cholecystitis | 2.2 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 0.78 |
| Repetitive strain injury | 10.3 | 12.3 | 12.6 | 11.3 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 4.2 | 6.8 | < 0.001 |
| Osteomuscular | 7.8 | 8.2 | 5.2 | 4.4 | 9.1 | 11.0 | 8.3 | 12.1 | 0.01 |
| Thyroid disease | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.86 |
| Tobacco exposure | 45.1 | 37.6 | 30.5 | 34.8 | 48.0 | 60.0 | 70.8 | 64.4 | < 0.001 |
| Obesity | 24.2 | 27.1 | 18.5 | 27.9 | 26.1 | 24.8 | 22.9 | 25.0 | 0.55 |
| Multimorbidity | 23.7 | 22.9 | 17.5 | 22.1 | 23.8 | 33.1 | 27.1 | 28.8 | 0.002 |
| Women | |||||||||
| Hypertension | 30.6 | 14.8 | 18.4 | 30.1 | 36.0 | 48.1 | 67.1 | 74.5 | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 4.9 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 5.1 | 10.1 | 15.8 | 14.3 | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 24.0 | 19.1 | 21.1 | 24.9 | 21.8 | 31.0 | 30.5 | 46.9 | < 0.001 |
| Coronary heart disease | 2.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.5 | 70. | 6.1 | 10.2 | < 0.001 |
| Stroke | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 0.009 |
| Lung condition | 4.7 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 5.7 | 4.2 | 10.8 | 4.9 | 8.2 | 0.002 |
| Peptic ulcer | 5.5 | 3.2 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 6.5 | 9.3 | 12.2 | 8.2 | < 0.001 |
| Cholecystitis | 6.2 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 15.8 | 12.2 | < 0.001 |
| Repetitive strain injury | 23.6 | 22.3 | 19.2 | 32.3 | 25.2 | 23.3 | 20.7 | 25.5 | 0.25 |
| Osteomuscular | 1.6.0 | 7.2 | 8.6 | 14.8 | 19.3 | 22.5 | 39.0 | 46.9 | < 0.001 |
| Thyroid disease | 4.9 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 7.0 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 0.08 |
| Tobacco exposure | 39.8 | 33.9 | 35.6 | 38.9 | 41.6 | 59.7 | 45.1 | 46.9 | < 0.001 |
| Obesity | 43.6 | 32.8 | 34.1 | 41.9 | 51.0 | 54.3 | 67.1 | 72.4 | < 0.001 |
| Multimorbidity | 34.2 | 22.6 | 21.7 | 33.6 | 37.7 | 51.9 | 68.3 | 72.4 | < 0.001 |
| Whole population | |||||||||
| Multimorbidity | 29.5 | 22.7 | 20.0 | 28.2 | 31.2 | 42.0 | 46.1 | 47.4 | < 0.001* |
*P-value for linear trend.