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. 2023 Feb 13;47(4):325–334. doi: 10.1038/s41366-023-01272-x

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — The expression of STING was silenced by using specific shRNAs in MH-S (a) and RAW264.7 macrophages (h). Negative control (NC) shRNA was used in parallel for the control groups. b–g MH-S cells were transfected with STING shRNA or NC shRNA and then treated with PA (0.6 mM) for 24 h. Representative western blots of the p-TBK1 (b), TBK1 (b), p-IRF3 (c), IRF3 (c), p-p65 (d) and p-65 (d), and group data of p-TBK1/TBK1 (e), p-IRF3/IRF3 (f) and p-p65/p65 (g) fold change in equal amounts of protein extracts of STING shRNA or NC shRNA MH-S cells with or without PA. n = 4 biologically independent experiments in each group. i–n RAW264.7 macrophages were transfected with STING shRNA or NC shRNA and then treated with PA (0.6 mM) for 24 h. Representative western blots of the p-TBK1 (i), TBK1 (i), p-IRF3 (j), IRF3 (j), p-p65 (k) and p-65 (k), and group data of p-TBK1/TBK1 (l), p-IRF3/IRF3 (m) and p-p65/p65 (n) fold change in equal amounts of protein extracts of STING shRNA or NC shRNA RAW264.7 macrophages with or without PA. n = 4 biologically independent experiments in each group. o, p ELISA analysis showed that STING shRNA attenuated the PA-induced increase in levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6 and IFNβ in PA-treated MH-S cells (o) and RAW264.7 macrophages (p). n = 3 biologically independent experiments. Data represent mean ± SD. n.s. not significant. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc LSD-t or Games-Howell method.