Table 3.
Examples of bacteriocins formulated using nano technological approach with its applications
| Cyclic peptide | Isolated strain | Method of purification | Nano-drug delivery system series | Type of nanocarrier | Application in nano-delivery system | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nisin | Lactococcus lactis |
Capture method; Cation-exchange Chromatography |
Nanofiber electrospinning with metallic nanoparticles | Silver nanoparticles—PEO 50–PDLLA 50 nano-fibers | (i) Production of anti-microbial wound dressing material to target against S. aureus skin infections | (Heunis et al. 2013) |
| Enterocin FH-99 | Enterococcus spp. | Nanoencapsulation method | Metallic nanoparticles | Silver nanoparticles—Enterocin-capped-silver nanoparticles (EnSNPs) |
(i) Proinflammatory activities in burnt wounds, meshed skin grafts (ii) Activation of apoptosis in inflammatory cells of the dermis |
(Bhol and Schechter 2005; Fan and Bard 2002; Nadworny et al. 2008) |
|
(iii) Decline in the expression of IL-8 and Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)- β |
||||||
| Plantaricin 432 | Lactobacillus plantarum 432 | Amberlite XAD 2, cation exchange chromatography, gel chromatography | (i) Nanofiber electrospinning; metallic nanoparticles | (i) Gold nanoparticles—solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) | (i) Bacterial inhibition of Lactococcus murei and E. coli | (Gomashe and Dharmik 2012; Heunis et al. 2010) |
| (ii) Polymeric nanoparticles | (ii) Plantaricin encapsulated into polyethylene oxide (PEO) nanofibers | (ii) Inhibition of Lactobacillus sakei | ||||
| Lacticin 3147 | Lactococcus lactis DPC6577 | Amberlite XAD 16 N resin, C18 solid phase extraction, reversed phase HPLC; confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry | Solid lipid nanoparticle delivery system (SLNPs) | Microemulsion templating technique |
(i) Alternative for treating topical infected wounds (ii) Defend against bacterial infections in colon |
(Rea et al. 2007) |
|
(iii) Protection of LTNA1 and LTNA2 from digestive enzymes |
||||||
| Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilic CH1 | Lactobacillus gasseri | Ammonium sulfate precipitation, sequential cation exchange on carboxymethylcellulose and reverse phase chromatography | Metallic nanoparticles | Gold nanoparticles | Increased the anti-microsporidial effect without significant cell toxicity | (Fahim et al. 2016; Mossallam et al. 2014) |
PEO poly (ethylene oxide), PDLLA poly (D,L-lactide), MALDI-TOF matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization-time of flight, LTNA1 and LTNA2 lacticin A1 and lacticin A2