Table 4.
Comparison of BAZ, gross motor skills, fine motor skills, executive functions (working memory, inhibition, shifting) by meeting/not meeting individual and integrated movement behaviour guidelines
| TPA | MVPA | SST | Sleep duration | Restrained sitting | All five guidelines | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| Yes (n=65) | No (n=6) | Yes (n=62) | No (n=9) | Yes (n=37) | No (n=34) | Yes (n=50) | No (n=21) | Yes (n=61) | No (n=10) | Yes (n=17) | No (n=54) | |
|
| ||||||||||||
| BAZ | ||||||||||||
| Median | −0.43 | 0.75 | −0.42 | 0.17 | −0.55 | −0.13 | −0.39 | −0.20 | −0.43 | 0.32 | −1.25 | −0.21 |
| IQR | −1.58–0.58 | 0.35–1.85 | −1.31–0.69 | −2.21–1.06 | −1.61–0.32 | −0.74–1.03 | −1.53–0.80 | −1.22–0.74 | −1.60–0.63 | −0.55–1.73 | −1.84–−0.37 | −0.77–1.02 |
| MR | 34.37 | 53.67 | 35.63 | 38.56 | 31.86 | 40.86 | 35.24 | 37.81 | 34.24 | 46.75 | 23.12 | 40.06 |
|
| ||||||||||||
| p-value | 0.026* | 0.691 | 0.078 | 0.632 | 0.076 | 0.003** | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Gross motor skills | ||||||||||||
| Median | 60.0 | 57.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
| IQR | 58.5–60.0 | 54.0–60.0 | 54.0–60.0 | 54.0–60.0 | 60.0–60.0 | 54.0–60.0 | 60.0–60.0 | 54.0–60.0 | 54.0–60.0 | 58.5–60.0 | 60.0–60.0 | 54.0–60.0 |
| MR | 35.03 | 29.00 | 34.71 | 33.11 | 37.32 | 31.33 | 35.30 | 32.71 | 34.06 | 37.05 | 41.69 | 32.29 |
|
| ||||||||||||
| p-value | 0.492 | 0.770 | 0.108 | 0.521 | 0.569 | 0.032* | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Fine motor skills | ||||||||||||
| Median | 40.0 | 42.5 | 40.0 | 35.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 45.0 | 40.0 | 42.5 | 37.5 | 40.0 |
| IQR | 30.0–55.0 | 40.0–56.2 | 30.0–55.0 | 30.0–52.5 | 31.25–50.0 | 25.0–55.0 | 30.0–50.0 | 32.5–55.0 | 30.0–55.0 | 35.0–55.0 | 30.0–45.0 | 30.0–55.0 |
| MR | 33.59 | 43.92 | 35.06 | 30.83 | 34.35 | 34.67 | 32.78 | 38.36 | 33.76 | 38.80 | 30.53 | 35.72 |
|
| ||||||||||||
| p-value | 0.228 | 0.547 | 0.946 | 0.279 | 0.453 | 0.355 | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Working memory | ||||||||||||
| Median | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.33 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.67 | 1.00 |
| IQR | 0.00–2.00 | 0.00–2.00 | 0.00–1.92 | 0.33–2.17 | 0.00–1.92 | 0.00–2.00 | 0.00–2.00 | 0.00–1.33 | 0.00–1.67 | 0.75–2.41 | 0.00–1.67 | 0.00–2.00 |
| MR | 33.15 | 31.50 | 32.06 | 38.83 | 31.83 | 34.45 | 34.24 | 30.00 | 30.65 | 45.95 | 29.32 | 34.30 |
|
| ||||||||||||
| p-value | 0.851 | 0.309 | 0.572 | 0.402 | 0.016* | 0.341 | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Inhibition | ||||||||||||
| Median | 0.60 | 0.46 | 0.59 | 0.70 | 0.57 | 0.62 | 0.58 | 0.62 | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.51 | 0.63 |
| IQR | 0.47–0.75 | 0.30––0.77 | 0.46–0.72 | 0.31–0.82 | 0.39–0.71 | 0.48–0.76 | 0.46–0.71 | 0.43–0.81 | 0.42–0.73 | 0.48–0.92 | 0.30–0.64 | 0.47–0.81 |
| MR | 34.66 | 27.33 | 33.60 | 36.94 | 31.62 | 36.76 | 33.01 | 36.33 | 32.79 | 40.90 | 24.35 | 37.28 |
|
| ||||||||||||
| p-value | 0.395 | 0.650 | 0.282 | 0.524 | 0.225 | 0.018* | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||||
| Shifting | ||||||||||||
| Median | 7.00 | 2.00 | 5.50 | 4.00 | 7.00 | 4.00 | 5.50 | 4.00 | 5.50 | 4.00 | 8.00 | 4.00 |
| IQR | 1.00–9.00 | 0.00–9.00 | 0.25–9.00 | 1.00–9.00 | 1.00–9.00 | 0.75–9.25 | 0.75–10.00 | 1.00–9.00 | 1.00–9.00 | 1.00–11.50 | 0.00–9.00 | 1.00–9.75 |
| MR | 33.69 | 26.17 | 33.17 | 31.94 | 33.24 | 32.72 | 33.82 | 31.03 | 32.72 | 34.72 | 33.44 | 32.84 |
|
| ||||||||||||
| p-value | 0.368 | 0.855 | 0.910 | 0.910 | 0.766 | 0.910 | ||||||
*
indicates significance at p<0.05;
**
indicates significance at p<0.0005.
“Yes” indicates the participants that met the guidelines and “No” indicates the participants that did not meet the guidelines. MR, mean ranks; IQR, interquartile range (presented as 25th – 75th percentile); BAZ, BMI-for-age z score; TPA, total physical activity; MVPA, moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity; SST, sedentary screen time.