A1-D1: subchondral bone plate (HE staining, × 40); A2-D2: trabecular bone (HE staining, ×40); A1, A2: control group; B1, B2: model group; C1, C2: EA group; D1, D2: acupotomy group. E and F: bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and SBP thickness. Control group: without any treatments and model establishment; model group: treated without acupotomy or electroacupuncture but joined model establishment; Apo (acupotomy group: treated only with acupotomy and joined model establishment; EA (electroacupuncture group): treated only with electroacupuncture and joined model establishment. Data represents mean ± standard deviation (n = 6). Compared with the control group, aP < 0.01, eP < 0.05; compared with the model group, bP < 0.01, dP < 0.05; compared with the EA group, cP < 0.05.