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. 2022 Oct 19;13(4):133–147. doi: 10.1177/19476035221126346

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© The Author(s) 2022

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 5. — Chondrogenic effect of direct transfer of mitochondria. (A) Efficiency of transfer of MSC-derived mitochondria (MT) and senescent MSC-derived mitochondria (sMT) into chondrocyte (CH) pellets compared with MitoCeption on CH monolayers depicted for the 3 donor combinations. (B) Mitochondria stained with MitoTracker (in red) are localized in CH after simultaneous pelleting of cells and mitochondria. Scale bar = 100 µm. (C) Quantification of DNA and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) deposition and secretion of CH pellets after 28 days of chondropermissive culture in pellets. Control groups consisted of CH only and CH and MSC in coculture (CH:MSC, ratio 10:90). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. (D) Histological analysis for proteoglycans (safranin-O), type II collagen, and type I collagen. Scale bar = 100 µm. Error bars show standard deviations.