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. 2023 Jan 12;47(1):27–41. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0271

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Improving glycemic outcomes through continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and its integration with connected insulin pens (CIPs), insulin pumps, automated insulin delivery (AID) algorithms, and virtual glucose monitoring platforms combined with artificial intelligence (AI)-based diabetes management systems. SAP, sensor augmented pump; HCLS, hybrid closed loop system; AHCLS, advanced hybrid closed-loop system; HCP, healthcare provider; ICR, insulin-carbohydrate ratio; CF, correction factor.