Table 1.

The content of the 9-item resilience inventory and its based theories.

	Item short description	The inner strengths of the respective item
1	Believing obstacles can be overcome	Wisdom
2	Withstanding pressure	Patience (Tolerance)
3	Having pride in one’s ability to master challenges	Loving-kindness (Self-loving)
4	Believing one has abilities	Wisdom
5	Facing a problem makes one fight actively	Perseverance
6	Always being fully conscious about it	Mindfulness and equanimity
7	Being one of those who are talented	Wisdom
8	This obstacle gives rise to learning	Wisdom
9	This time of crisis provides an opportunity	Wisdom