Table 2.

Ncrnas in neuroimmune interactions following nerve injury.

ncRNAs/Biogenesis regulators	Species	Model	Regulation	Location	Target	Physiological functions	Reference
miR-15b	Rat	Chemotherapy-induced chronic neuropathy (CIPN)	↑	DRG	BACE1	BACE1 ↓, Mechanical hypersensitivity ↑	(Ito et al., 2017)
miR-15a	Rat	CCI	↓	Spinal cord	AKT3	AKT3 ↑, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α ↑, Neuroinflammation ↑, Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity ↑	(L. Cai et al., 2020, p. 15)
miR-145	Rat	CCI	↓	DRG	AKT3/mTOR axis, AKT3/NF-κB axis	AKT3, NF-κB, mTOR ↑, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α ↑, Neuroinflammation ↑, Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity ↑	(J. Shi et al., 2018)
miR-20b	Rat	CCI	↓	Spinal cord dorsal horn, Microglia	AKT3	AKT3 ↑, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α ↑, Neuroinflammation ↑, Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity ↑	(You et al., 2019)
miR-21	Mouse	SNL	↑	DRG	TLR8	TLR8 ↑, Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity ↑	(Z.-J. Zhang et al., 2018, p. 8)
miR-21	Mouse	SNI	↑ in neuronal extracellular vesicles	Neuronal extracellular vesicles (EVs)	N/A	Macrophage uptake miR-21 containing EVs, Proinflammatory genes (NF-κB p65, iNOS) ↑, Anti-inflammatory genes (CD206, Arginase-1) ↓, M1 macrophage phenotype ↑, Neuroinflammation ↑, Mechanical hypersensitivity ↑	(Simeoli et al., 2017)
miR-338	Human	Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients	↓ in plasma exchange (PE) poor responders	Exosome	IL-6	IL-6 ↑, Neuroinflammation ↑	(Ramanathan et al., 2019)
circHIPK3	Human	Type 2 diabetes patients	↑	Serum	miR-124	miR-124 ↓, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α ↑, Neuroinflammation ↑, Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity ↑	(L. Wang et al., 2018)
	Rat	(Streptozocin)STZ-induced diabetes	↑	DRG
MRAK009713	Rat	CCI	↑	DRG	P2X3	P2X3 ↑, Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity ↑	(G. Li et al., 2017)