. 2023 Jan 23;6:100449. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100449

Table 2.

Advanced phytochemical profile of microencapsulated CO₂ rosehip oleoresins.

Compounds	N	T
Global characterization
Total carotenoids encapsulation efficiency (%)	51.55 ± 1.56^a	42.40 ± 3.01^b
β-carotene (mg/g DM)	162.30 ± 4.22^a	137.54 ± 6.97^b
Lycopene content (mg/g DM)	64.35 ± 2.25^a	55.64 ± 2.06^b
Total flavonoid content (mg CE/g DM)	1.95 ± 0.07^a	1.61 ± 0.10^b
Total polyphenol content (mg GAE/DM)	5.12 ± 0.22^a	5.01 ± 0.11^a
Antioxidant activity (mM TEAC/g DM)	5.27 ± 0.04^a	4.53 ± 0.08^b
Fatty acids (mg/g DM)
Myristic acid (C14:0)	16.85 ± 0.04^a	11.35 ± 0.02^b
Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0)	9.21 ± 0.01^a	6.17 ± 0.01^b
Palmitic acid (C16:0)	35.39 ± 0.73^a	27.51 ± 0.36^b
Palmitoleic acid (C16:1)	14.64 ± 0.28^b	16.14 ± 0.21^a
Stearic acid (C18:0)	21.79 ± 0.05^a	14.39 ± 0.04^b
Oleic acid (C18:1)	22.47 ± 0.29^a	15.57 ± 0.05^b
Linoleic acid (C18:2)	25.58 ± 0.69^a	14.78 ± 0.28^b
α-Linolenic acid (C18:3)	18.96 ± 0.63^a	11.35 ± 0.01^b
Total fatty acids	164.90 ± 3.84	117.26 ± 1.38
Tocopherols (mg/g DM)
α-tocopherol	13.83 ± 0.87^a	2.17 ± 0.29^b
γ-tocopherol	0.80 ± 0.09^a	0.16 ± 0.01^b
σ-tocopherol	0.12 ± 0.01^a	0.02 ± 0.01^b
β-tocopherol	0.41 ± 0.02^a	0.004 ± 0.001^b
Total tocopherols	15.16 ± 1.40	2.35 ± 0.43
Phytosterols (mg/g DM)
β-sitosterol	88.04 ± 1.17^a	29.55 ± 2.05^b
Campesterol	2.59 ± 0.56^a	0.88 ± 0.01^b
α-Amyrin	2.82 ± 0.44^a	0.80 ± 0.07^b
β-amyrin	0.66 ± 0.09^a	0.26 ± 0.10^b
Total physterols	94.11 ± 3.19	31.49 ± 3.15

Values from a line that share same superscript letter (a, b) are not significantly different (p > 0.05). Measurements are expressed as mean ± SD of triplicate. For the HPLC data, the values are given as average for duplicate measurements (n = 2) ± standard deviations; Nd – not determined.