Table 2.
Prognostic factors for persistent fatigue in the suspected COVID-19 group only — results of univariate logistic multilevel models
| Characteristic | Persistent fatigue (n = 49) | No persistent fatigue (n = 93) | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Males | 14 (29) | 42 (45) | Reference |
| Females | 35 (71) | 51 (55) | 2.06 (0.98 to 4.32) |
|
| |||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 49.6 (12.8) | 47.7 (13.0) | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.04) |
|
| |||
| BMI, n (%) | |||
| Normal weight | 21 (44) | 54 (61) | Reference |
| Overweight/obese | 27 (56) | 35 (39) | 1.98 (0.98 to 4.04) |
|
| |||
| Education,a n (%) | |||
| High | 25 (52) | 61 (68) | Reference |
| Moderate | 14 (29) | 22 (24) | 1.55 (0.68 to 3.50) |
| Low | 9 (19)) | 7 (8) | 3.13 (1.06 to 9.68) |
|
| |||
| Marital status,a n (%) | |||
| Partner currently | 32 (67) | 78 (87) | Reference |
| No partner currently | 16 (33) | 12 (13) | 3.25 (1.38 to 7.64) |
|
| |||
| Smoking,a, n (%) | |||
| No/quit before 2015 | 35 (90) | 60 (88) | Reference |
| Yes/quit since 2015 | 4 (10) | 8 (12) | 0.86 (0.24 to 3.05) |
|
| |||
| Alcohol use,a n (%) | |||
| No (or quit before 2015) | 11 (28) | 10 (15) | Reference |
| Yes (or quit since 2015) | 28 (72) | 58 (85) | 0.44 (0.17 to 1.16) |
|
| |||
| Number of chronic comorbidities,n (%) | |||
| None | 5 (10) | 17 (18) | Reference |
| 1 | 5 (10) | 19 (20) | 0.89 (0.22 to 3.63) |
| >1 | 39 (80) | 57 (61) | 2.33 (0.79 to 6.83) |
|
| |||
| Frequency of GP contact, n (%) | |||
| <13 | 33 (67) | 79 (85) | Reference |
| ≥13 | 16 (33) | 14 (15) | 2.74 (1.20 to 6.24) |
|
| |||
| Number of medications, n (%) | |||
| <5 | 30 (61) | 79 (85) | Reference |
| ≥5 | 19 (39) | 14 (15) | 3.57 (1.59 to 8.02) |
|
| |||
| Neuroticism,a mean (SD) | 5.2 (4.0) | 2.7 (2.9) | 1.24 (1.11 to 1.38) |
|
| |||
| Life events (last 12 months),a mean (SD) | 1.4 (1.6) | 0.9 (1.2) | 1.32 (1.01 to 1.73) |
|
| |||
| Life events (earlier),a mean (SD) | 4.1 (2.3) | 3.7 (2.5) | 1.08 (0.93 to 1.25) |
|
| |||
| Resilience,a mean (SD) | 63.6 (15.4) | 72.9 (11.2) | 0.95 (0.92 to 0.98) |
|
| |||
| Perceived personalised care of the GP,a mean (SD) | 3.1 (0.7) | 3.1 (0.5) | 0.81 (0.43 to 1.54) |
a
There were missing data for BMI (n = 1 and 4), education (n = 1 and 3), marital status (n= 1 and 3), smoking (n = 10 and 25), alcohol use (n = 10 and 25), neuroticism (n = 2 and 5), life events (n = 3 and 7), resilience (n= 2 and 6), and perceived personalised care of GP (n = 4 and 8). BMI = body mass index. CI = confidence interval. OR = odds ratio. SD = standard deviation.