Table 1. Sociodemographic Characteristics of the Analytic Sample.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Complete analytic sample | January 2005 to August 2016 | September 2016 to March 2020 | |
| By participant | |||
| Total, No. | 14 121 | 8939 | 6900 |
| >1 Measurement, No. | 5228 | 3011 | 1726 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 6884 (48.8) | 4414 (49.4) | 3311 (48.0) |
| Male | 7237 (51.2) | 4525 (50.6) | 3589 (52.0) |
| Race | |||
| African American or Black | 2833 (20.1) | 1854 (20.7) | 1439 (20.9) |
| AI/AN | 159 (1.1) | 38 (0.4) | 127 (1.8) |
| Asian | 232 (1.6) | 153 (1.7) | 94 (1.4) |
| NH/PI | 15 (0.1) | 11 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) |
| White | 8772 (62.1) | 5380 (60.2) | 4386 (63.6) |
| Multiple | 1244 (8.8) | 752 (8.4) | 671 (9.7) |
| Othera | 61 (0.4) | 23 (0.3) | 42 (0.6) |
| Did not know | 805 (5.7) | 728 (8.1) | 136 (2.0) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic | 2833 (20.1) | 2204 (24.7) | 875 (12.7) |
| Non-Hispanic | 11 111 (78.7) | 6596 (73.8) | 5983 (86.7) |
| Did not know | 177 (1.3) | 139 (1.6) | 42 (0.6) |
| Maternal educational level | |||
| Less than high school | 1261 (8.9) | 1033 (11.6) | 387 (5.6) |
| High school degree, GED, or equivalent | 2165 (15.3) | 1556 (17.4) | 922 (13.4) |
| Some college, no degree, and above | 9862 (69.8) | 5658 (63.3) | 5431 (78.7) |
| Missing | 833 (5.9) | 692 (7.7) | 160 (2.3) |
| Household income | |||
| <$30 000 | 2809 (19.9) | 1991 (22.3) | 1167 (16.9) |
| $30 000-$49 999 | 1447 (10.2) | 954 (10.7) | 697 (10.1) |
| $50 000-$74 999 | 1190 (8.4) | 657 (7.3) | 790 (11.4) |
| $75 000 or more | 4119 (29.2) | 2173 (24.3) | 2682 (38.9) |
| Missing | 4556 (32.3) | 3164 (35.4) | 1564 (22.7) |
| US census region of enrollment | |||
| Midwest | 2559 (18.1) | 1781 (19.9) | 1069 (15.5) |
| Northeast | 4007 (28.4) | 2958 (33.1) | 1630 (23.6) |
| South | 2342 (16.6) | 1028 (11.5) | 1608 (23.3) |
| West | 5213 (36.9) | 3172 (35.5) | 2593 (37.6) |
| By BMI measurement | |||
| Total, No. | 26 205 | 17 173 | 9032 |
| Age at first measurement, mean (SD) | 8.8 (3.6) | 9.5 (3.7) | 7.6 (2.8) |
| Age group, y | |||
| 5-11 | 18 938 (72.3) | 11 451 (66.7) | 7487 (82.9%) |
| 12-18 | 7267 (27.7) | 5722 (33.3) | 1545 (17.1) |
| Baseline BMIb | |||
| Underweight | 1000 (3.8) | 629 (3.7) | 371 (4.1) |
| Normal weight | 17 074 (65.2) | 11 157 (65.0) | 5917 (65.5) |
| Overweight | 3963 (15.1) | 2655 (15.5) | 1308 (14.5) |
| Obesity | 4168 (15.9) | 2732 (15.9) | 1436 (15.9) |
| BMI z-score, mean (SD) | |||
| All measurements | 0.46 (1.16) | 0.47 (1.15) | 0.45 (1.17) |
| >1 Measurement | 0.50 (1.14) | 0.50 (1.12) | 0.45 (1.18) |
Abbreviations: AI/AN, American Indian or Alaska Native; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); GED, General Educational Development; NH/PI, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.
a
“Other” as self-identified by the participant or caregiver.
b
A BMI of less than 18.5 indicated underweight; 18.5 to less than 25.0, normal weight; 25.0 to less than 30.0, overweight; and 30.0 or more, obesity.