Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of overall participants and by SBP trajectory
| Variables | Overall | Class1 | Class2 | Class3 | Class4 | Class5 | Class6 | Class7 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 3034 | 1121 | 227 | 255 | 646 | 463 | 248 | 86 | |
| Age | 67 (56, 77) | 66 (55, 77) | 66 (57, 78) | 69 (57, 78) | 68 (57, 79) | 67 (56, 77) | 67 (56, 78) | 66 (56, 76) | 0.2 |
| Gender | 0.049 | ||||||||
| Male | 1,725 (57%) | 648 (58%) | 137 (60%) | 151 (59%) | 364 (57%) | 240 (52%) | 128 (52%) | 57 (66%) | |
| Female | 1,309 (43%) | 469 (42%) | 90 (40%) | 103 (41%) | 277 (43%) | 223 (48%) | 118 (48%) | 29 (34%) | |
| Heart rate (beats/min) (h) | 91 (79,104) | 93 (79,106) | 94 (81, 109) | 88 (76, 100) | 89 (77, 101) | 91 (80, 103) | 89 (78, 103) | 88 (78, 102) | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 108 (101, 118) | 105 (99, 112) | 98 (90, 105) | 121 (111, 135) | 112 (105, 122) | 108 (102, 115) | 114 (106, 125) | 125 (113, 145) | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 58 (52, 64) | 58 (52, 63) | 55 (50, 59) | 61 (54, 69) | 58 (52, 65) | 58 (52, 64) | 59 (53, 64) | 63 (54, 70) | < 0.001 |
| Respiration rate (beats/min) | 20.3 (17.6, 23.7) | 20.6 (17.7, 24.0) | 21.2 (17.9, 25.1) | 19.4 (17.0, 22.9) | 20.3 (17.5, 23.1) | 20.4 (17.8, 23.7) | 19.6 (17.2, 23.3) | 19.0 (16.7, 22.2) | < 0.001 |
| Temperature (℃) (T) | 36.84 (36.48, 37.26) | 36.84 (36.44, 37.28) | 36.75 (36.20, 37.25) | 36.92 (36.60, 37.28) | 36.83 (36.49, 37.23) | 36.84 (36.50, 37.28) | 36.87 (36.58, 37.24) | 37.06 (36.57, 37.36) | 0.026 |
| SpO2 (%) | 97.05 (95.50, 98.50) | 96.88 (95.32, 98.34) | 96.50 (94.88, 97.96) | 97.21 (95.72, 98.62) | 97.29 (95.77, 98.59) | 96.92 (95.31, 98.53) | 97.57 (96.04, 98.71) | 97.72 (96.32, 99.13) | < 0.001 |
| AST (U/l) | 39 (23, 85) | 38 (24, 92) | 52 (28, 129) | 42 (23, 90) | 37 (23, 70) | 38 (24, 85) | 40 (22, 85) | 36 (19, 51) | < 0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 2.90 (2.40, 3.40) | 2.90 (2.40, 3.40) | 2.80 (2.30, 3.30) | 3.30 (2.80, 3.70) | 2.80 (2.40, 3.30) | 2.80 (2.40, 3.30) | 3.20 (2.50, 3.60) | 3.40 (3.00, 3.90) | < 0.001 |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/l) | 24 (21, 27) | 24 (21, 27) | 24 (19, 26) | 24 (21, 27) | 24 (20, 27) | 24 (21, 27) | 24 (20, 26) | 24 (21, 26) | 0.3 |
| Neutrophils (%) | 80 (68, 87) | 81 (69, 88) | 79 (63, 87) | 78 (63, 85) | 80 (68, 87) | 79 (65, 86) | 84 (71, 90) | 86 (78, 91) | < 0.001 |
| PLT (K/µl) | 210 (148, 296) | 216 (152, 300) | 197 (127, 276) | 187 (130, 254) | 218 (158, 303) | 208 (144, 293) | 219 (142, 300) | 212 (172, 282) | < 0.001 |
| INR | 1.30 (1.10, 1.80) | 1.30 (1.10, 1.80) | 1.50 (1.20, 2.45) | 1.20 (1.10, 1.40) | 1.20 (1.10, 1.60) | 1.40 (1.20, 2.10) | 1.20 (1.10, 1.60) | 1.25 (1.10, 1.60) | < 0.001 |
| WBC (× 10^9/l) | 9 (6, 14) | 10 (6, 15) | 8 (6, 14) | 9 (6, 14) | 9 (6, 13) | 9 (6, 14) | 8 (6, 12) | 7 (4, 9) | < 0.001 |
| CK (U/l) | 117 (40, 354) | 128 (42, 414) | 130 (53, 454) | 81 (36, 273) | 113 (43, 401) | 113 (39, 354) | 101 (37, 328) | 78 (30, 319) | 0.042 |
| CK-MB (U/l) | 5 (3, 10) | 5 (3, 10) | 5 (3, 10) | 5 (3, 9) | 5 (3, 9) | 5 (3, 10) | 5 (3, 10) | 5 (3, 10) | 0.4 |
| Creatinine (µmol/l) | 1.20 (0.80, 2.10) | 1.20 (0.80, 2.10) | 1.50 (1.00, 2.95) | 1.10 (0.70, 1.80) | 1.20 (0.80, 2.10) | 1.10 (0.80, 1.85) | 1.00 (0.70, 1.60) | 1.40 (0.90, 2.80) | < 0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 126 (98, 166) | 114 (95, 151) | 130 (100, 172) | 137 (106, 190) | 137 (101, 193) | 110 (83, 146) | 134 (102, 183) | 288 (162, 550) | < 0.001 |
| Lymphocyte count (× 10^9/l) | 11 (6, 19) | 10 (6, 18) | 13 (9, 22) | 13 (8, 24) | 10 (6, 18) | 12 (7, 21) | 9 (5, 18) | 7 (4, 11) | < 0.001 |
| Na (mmol/l) | 138 (135, 141) | 138 (135, 141) | 138 (135, 140) | 137 (134, 140) | 139 (136, 141) | 139 (135, 142) | 138 (135, 141) | 138 (136, 140) | < 0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 0.2 | ||||||||
| Yes | 934 (31%) | 358 (32%) | 81 (36%) | 74 (29%) | 201 (31%) | 137 (30%) | 62 (25%) | 21 (24%) | |
| No | 2,100 (69%) | 759 (68%) | 146 (64%) | 180 (71%) | 440 (69%) | 326 (70%) | 184 (75%) | 65 (76%) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 0.009 | ||||||||
| Yes | 290 (9.6%) | 88 (7.9%) | 13 (5.7%) | 27 (11%) | 75 (12%) | 44 (9.5%) | 29 (12%) | 14 (16%) | |
| No | 2,744 (90%) | 1,029 (92%) | 214 (94%) | 227 (89%) | 566 (88%) | 419 (90%) | 217 (88%) | 72 (84%) | |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 0.5 | ||||||||
| Yes | 843 (28%) | 314 (28%) | 65 (29%) | 78 (31%) | 182 (28%) | 124 (27%) | 55 (22%) | 25 (29%) | |
| No | 2,191 (72%) | 803 (72%) | 162 (71%) | 176 (69%) | 459 (72%) | 339 (73%) | 191 (78%) | 61 (71%) |